Vulnerable group members coping with COVID-19 in Jamaica: A qualitative study.

Abstract

As COVID-19 pandemic continues, documentation about the experiences and coping strategies of members of vulnerable groups is needed to inform appropriate interventions. This study's aims were to describe the lived experiences of persons from these groups during the pandemic; to describe the strategies and interventions that authorities, family members, and caregivers used to support them; and to identify opportunities for collaboration and closing gaps in care. Data for this study were collected as part of a larger study on health risk communication for vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. Semistructured interviews focusing on three purposefully selected administrative areas were conducted remotely using Zoom, WhatsApp video, or telephone call for the majority of participants, and with appropriate safety protocols in place where necessary. A sign language interpreter assisted. Vulnerable persons (n older persons = 9, n deaf persons = 2, n blind persons = 3, n persons with a physical disability = 6, n persons with a mental illness = 5) and nine key informants from advocates and service providers shared perspectives about experiences, resources, unmet needs, and gaps for these target groups. Inductive thematic analysis indicated that members of vulnerable groups experienced stigma and societal insensitivity, fears of contracting COVID-19, social isolation, and emotional distress, exacerbated by diminished resources and increased barriers to accessing necessary services and support during the pandemic. Deductive thematic analysis (using the American Psychological Association recommendations for eliminating disparities in mental health status and care) highlighted the need for increased research and partnerships that incorporate the voices of the vulnerable for the development of evidence-informed, segmented strategies and interventions, and mechanisms for more equitable access to support.