Wait and Parry: Archaeological Evidence for Hunter-Gatherer Defensive Behavior in the Interior Northwest

Reid, Kenneth

doi:10.4324/9781315415970-9

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In the plateau region of eastern Washington and Oregon there is ethnohistorical and archaeological evidence for large fortifications. 114 116:80 Villages were centered around a community hall or qargi where men spent much of their evenings. Attackers hoped to surprise all the men in the qargi and kill them as they exited.…”

Section: Fortifications In the Interior Northwestmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the plateau region of eastern Washington and Oregon there is ethnohistorical and archaeological evidence for large fortifications 114 . For example, a Numic speaking group (probably Northern Paiute) living on the Crooked River in eastern Oregon created a fortification that could contain 60 or 70 fighters 114 . Farther north, Teit and Boas 115 :117–118 describe the fortifications built by Cour d'Alene and Thompson peoples.…”

Section: Warfarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like the Modoc, these peoples were semi‐sedentary foragers who lived at low population density largely subsisting on aquatic resources and deer. Archaeological data suggest that fortifications predate the arrival of Europeans and horses 114 …”

Section: Warfarementioning

confidence: 99%

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Large‐scale cooperation in small‐scale foraging societies

Boyd

Richerson

2022

Evolutionary Anthropology

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We present evidence that people in small‐scale mobile hunter‐gatherer societies cooperated in large numbers to produce collective goods. Foragers engaged in large‐scale communal hunts and constructed shared capital facilities; they made shared investments in improving the local environment; and they participated in warfare, formed enduring alliances, and established trading networks. Large‐scale collective action often played a crucial role in subsistence. The provision of public goods involved the cooperation of many individuals, so each person made only a small contribution. This evidence suggests that large‐scale cooperation occurred in the Pleistocene societies that encompass most of human evolutionary history, and therefore it is unlikely that large‐scale cooperation in Holocene food producing societies results from an evolved psychology shaped only in small‐group interactions. Instead, large‐scale human cooperation needs to be explained as an adaptation, likely rooted in distinctive features of human biology, grammatical language, increased cognitive ability, and cumulative cultural adaptation.

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Section: Fortifications In the Interior Northwestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Warfarementioning

confidence: 99%

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Large‐scale cooperation in small‐scale foraging societies

Boyd

Richerson

2022

Evolutionary Anthropology

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“…In the plateau region of eastern Washington and Oregon there is ethnohistorical and archaeological evidence for large fortifications. 98 For example, a Numic speaking group (probably Northern Paiute) living on the Crooked River in eastern Oregon created a fortification that could contain sixty or seventy fighters. 98 Farther north, Teit and Boas 99:117-118 describe the fortifications built by Cour d'Alene and Thompson peoples.…”

Section: Fortifications In the Interior Northwestmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…98 For example, a Numic speaking group (probably Northern Paiute) living on the Crooked River in eastern Oregon created a fortification that could contain sixty or seventy fighters. 98 Farther north, Teit and Boas 99:117-118 describe the fortifications built by Cour d'Alene and Thompson peoples. Stockades were circular structures built from vertical wooden poles about nine meters high with loopholes that allowed archers to shoot out.…”

Section: Fortifications In the Interior Northwestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale cooperation in small-scale foraging societies

Boyd¹,

Richerson²

2021

Preprint

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We present evidence that people in small-scale, mobile hunter-gatherer societies cooperated in large numbers to produce collective goods. Foragers engaged in large-scale communal hunts, constructed shared capital facilities; they made shared investments in improving the local environment; and they participated in warfare, alliance, and trade. Large-scale collective action often played a crucial role in subsistence. The provision of public goods involved the cooperation of many individuals, so each person made only a small contribution. This evidence suggests that large-scale cooperation occurred in the Pleistocene societies that encompass most of human evolutionary history, and therefore it is unlikely that large-scale cooperation in Holocene food producing societies results from an evolved psychology shaped only in small group interactions. Instead, large scale human cooperation needs to be explained as an adaptation, likely rooted in the distinctive features of human biology, grammatical language, increased cognitive ability, and cumulative cultural adaptation.

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War Clubs in Southern California: an Interdisciplinary Study of Blunt Force Weapons and Their Impact

Curran

Raymond

2021

J Archaeol Method Theory

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Wait and Parry: Archaeological Evidence for Hunter-Gatherer Defensive Behavior in the Interior Northwest

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Large‐scale cooperation in small‐scale foraging societies

Large‐scale cooperation in small‐scale foraging societies

Large-scale cooperation in small-scale foraging societies

War Clubs in Southern California: an Interdisciplinary Study of Blunt Force Weapons and Their Impact

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