Wake-Up Receiver-Based Routing for Clustered Multihop Wireless Sensor Networks

Weber, Maximilian; Fersi, Ghofrane; Fromm, Robert; Derbel, Faouzi

doi:10.3390/s22093254

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The integration of LNA into WuRx should maintain the approach for ultra-low power consumption to conserve the overall system assumption [28]. Compared to SoA, all LNAs operating at 868 MHz are power hungry.…”

Section: Aimed Design Specifications and Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of Low Noise Amplifier Operating at 868 MHz for Duty Cycled Wake-Up Receiver Front-End

Ketata

Ouerghemmi²,

Fakhfakh³

et al. 2022

Electronics

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The integration of wireless communication, e.g., in real- or quasi-real-time applications, is related to many challenges such as energy consumption, communication range, quality of service, and reliability. The improvement of wireless sensor networks (WSN) performance starts by enhancing the capabilities of each sensor node. To minimize latencies without increasing energy consumption, wake-up receiver (WuRx) nodes have been introduced in recent works since they can be always-on or power-gated with short latencies by a power consumption in the range of some microwatts. Compared to standard receiver technologies, they are usually characterized by drawbacks in terms of sensitivity. To overcome the limitation of the sensitivity of WuRxs, a design of a low noise amplifier (LNA) with several design specifications is required. The challenging task of the LNA design is to provide equitable trade-off performances such as gain, power consumption, the noise figure, stability, linearity, and impedance matching. The design of fast settling LNA for a duty-cycled WuRx front-end operating at a 868 MHz frequency band is investigated in this work. The paper details the trade-offs between design challenges and illustrates practical considerations for the simulation and implementation of a radio frequency (RF) circuit. The implemented LNA competes with many commercialized designs where it reaches single-stage 12 dB gain at a 1.8 V voltage supply and consumes only a 1.6 mA current. The obtained results could be made tunable by working with off-the-shelf components for different wake-up based application exigencies.

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Section: Aimed Design Specifications and Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of Low Noise Amplifier Operating at 868 MHz for Duty Cycled Wake-Up Receiver Front-End

Ketata

Ouerghemmi²,

Fakhfakh³

et al. 2022

Electronics

Self Cite

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“…In 2022, weber et al [28] have implemented Clustered WuRx in WSN. Initially, the network was separated into clusters with fog and sink nodes.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scheduling-based Atom Search Bat Optimization for Energy-Constrained and Delay Sensitive Wireless Sensor Networks

Deshpande¹

2022

JNACS

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Over the past decades, the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has reached greater heights. The main challenge in the WSN is the handling of the traffic load in the network without the reduction in the energy efficiency of the network. In this research, a scheduling algorithm is developed in the MAC protocol for energy constraint and delay sensitive WSN. The scheduling algorithm is developed using the proposed ASBAT-MAC protocol, which is developed by integrating the Atom Search Optimization (ASO) and Bat algorithm (BA). The scheduling is carried out based on the fitness function by considering the factors, like delay, energy, and fairness. The conception of the distributed energy fair scheduling MAC protocol and the residual energy is provided by the scheduling algorithm for the nodes to maintain a residual-energy queue in the node of the neighbour so that the network overhead is avoided and energy consumption is reduced. The simulation of the proposed ASBAT-MAC protocol is done based on the performance metrics, such as number of alive nodes, Fairness, Normalized energy and Throughput for nodes 50, 100 and 150 by varying the number of rounds. The proposed ASBAT-MAC protocol obtained a maximum number of alive nodes of 94, maximum fairness of 0.3520, maximum normalized energy of 0.1339 and maximum throughput of 0.5933, respectively for 150 nodes when compared with the existing protocols.

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“…The range heavily relies on both frequency and energy consumption (Section 3.2). However, implementing multihop schemes, either with dedicated cluster heads [67] or without cluster heads [68], can effectively mitigate the issue. The use of energy harvesting in a device that is WuR-capable is not restricted by the decline in RF energy, which rapidly diminishes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and Sustainable Industrial Internet of Things Systems Leveraging Wake-Up Radio to Enable On-Demand IoT Communication

Rup,

Bajic

2024

Sustainability

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The industrial Internet of things (IIoT) is a major lever in Industry 4.0 development, where reducing the carbon footprint and energy consumption has become crucial for modern companies. Today’s IIoT device infrastructure wastes large amounts of energy on wireless communication, limiting device lifetime and increasing power consumption and battery requirements. Communication capabilities seriously affect the responsiveness and availability of autonomous IoT devices when collecting data and retrieving commands to/from higher-level applications. Thus, the objective of optimizing communication remains paramount; in addition to typical optimization methods, such as algorithms and protocols, a new concept is emerging, known as wake-up radio (WuR). WuR provides novel on-demand radio communication schemes that can increase device efficiency. By expanding the lifespan of IoT devices while maintaining high reactivity and communication performance, the WuR approach paves the way for a “place-and-forget” IoT device deployment methodology that combines a small carbon footprint with an extended lifetime and highly responsive functionality. WuR technology, when applied to IoT devices, facilitates green IIoT, thereby enabling the emergence of a novel on-demand IoT (OD-IoT) concept. This article presents an analysis of the state-of-the-art WuR technology within the green IoT paradigm and details the OD-IoT concept. Furthermore, this review provides an overview of WuR applications and their impact on the IIoT, including relevant industry use cases. Finally, we describe our experimental performance evaluation of a WuR-enabled device that is commercially available off the shelf. Specifically, we focused on the communication range and energy consumption, successfully demonstrating the applicability of WuR and the strong potential that it has and the benefits that it offers for sustainable IIoT systems.

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Wake-Up Receiver-Based Routing for Clustered Multihop Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Design and Implementation of Low Noise Amplifier Operating at 868 MHz for Duty Cycled Wake-Up Receiver Front-End

Design and Implementation of Low Noise Amplifier Operating at 868 MHz for Duty Cycled Wake-Up Receiver Front-End

Scheduling-based Atom Search Bat Optimization for Energy-Constrained and Delay Sensitive Wireless Sensor Networks

Green and Sustainable Industrial Internet of Things Systems Leveraging Wake-Up Radio to Enable On-Demand IoT Communication

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