“…Since the mid-1990s, international financial markets have been prone to economic and financial distress with notable regularity. Therefore, the impact of contagion, financial networks and connectedness has been widely discussed in the academic literature (Anand et al, 2015;Baruník & Křehlík, 2018;Billio et al, 2012;Bostanci & Yilmaz, 2020;Hamill et al, 2021;Kenourgios, 2014;Minoiu et al, 2015). A significant strand in research is dedicated to analyzing spillovers in cross-country settings: European stock and bond markets (Baele, 2005;Karkowska & Urjasz, 2021;Skintzi & Refenes, 2006), eurozone credit market (Shahzad et al, 2019), North America, Europe and Asia (Singh et al, 2010), BRIC markets (Bekiros, 2014), G-7 countries (Andrikopoulos et al, 2014;Yang & Doong, 2004), Australia (Dean et al, 2010), Islamic and conventional stock markets (Shahzad et al, 2017), India (Narayan et al, 2014), currency, futures and commodity markets (Chen et al, 2022;Kang et al, 2017;Mensi et al, 2021), cryptocurrency markets (Ji et al, 2019, Al-Shboul et al, 2022Ghabri et al, 2022).…”