Waste cooking oil blended with the engine oil for reduction of friction and wear on piston skirt

Hisham, Sakinah; Kadirgama, K.; Noor, M. M.; Amirruddin, A. K.; Najafi, G.; Rahman, M. M.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2017.05.068

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As a consequence, several oils from various raw materials, including vegetable oils (such as palm, rapeseed, jatropha or castor oil) and frying oils (from soy, sunflower or corn oils), have been studied for the production of biodiesel or biolubricants. 1,[10][11][12] For biolubricant production, several chemical reactions have been developed to prepare biodegradable lubricants, enhancing its thermal and oxidation stability to withstand within wide operating conditions. Among them, epoxidation and transesterification are the most popular chemical routes to obtain biolubricants from vegetable oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This way, many of these properties are transferred to the subsequent derivatives, like biodiesel or biolubricants. As a consequence, several oils from various raw materials, including vegetable oils (such as palm, rapeseed, jatropha or castor oil) and frying oils (from soy, sunflower or corn oils), have been studied for the production of biodiesel or biolubricants 1,10‐12 . For biolubricant production, several chemical reactions have been developed to prepare biodegradable lubricants, enhancing its thermal and oxidation stability to withstand within wide operating conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiesel and biolubricant production from different vegetable oils through transesterification

Martín

Nogales

González

2020

Engineering Reports

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A study about the production and characterization of biodiesel and, especially, biolubricants from different raw materials (ie, rapeseed, a mixture of corn and sunflower, and frying oils) is here performed. Optimal chemical conditions were used to carry out the transesterification of biodiesel and biolubricants, hence obtaining high yields in all investigated cases. The physical properties, such as fatty acid methyl ester profile, viscosity, viscosity index and oxidative stability, among others, are analyzed. The biodiesel products comply with the standards, according to the characteristics covered in this research. Regarding the biolubricants, the viscosity values are analogous to those found in the literature but showing longer induction points. These properties appear to be highly influenced by the fatty acid profile of the raw material, which is an important factor for both biodiesel and biolubricant performance. Therefore, the initial characterization of vegetable oils is an important stage for the optimal design of biorefineries. Finally, the use of transesterification for biodiesel and biolubricant production is also justified, as many valuable products (eg, glycerol, fatty acid methyl esters, and fatty acid complex esters) are obtained and some by-products (eg, methanol) can be reused.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel and biolubricant production from different vegetable oils through transesterification

Martín

Nogales

González

2020

Engineering Reports

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“…The heavy-duty diesel engine piston which adopts 42CrMo4 as the piston top and 38MnVS6 as the piston skirt can withstand high mechanical load and thermal load. It is beneficial to improve the combustion efficiency of the engine and reduce the fuel consumption [1][2][3][4]. The core problem of heavy truck diesel engine pistons is the jointing of 42CrMo4 with 38MnVS6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Preheating Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of 42CrMo4/38MnVS6 Heterogeneous Laser Welded Joint

Qiu

Xing

et al. 2019

Metals

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Laser-welded forged steel pistons can meet the needs of the new era of heavy truck engines. 42CrMo4 and 38MnVS6 are widely used as piston materials due to the good mechanical properties. This study investigates the influence of preheating on microstructure and mechanical properties of 42CrMo4/38MnVS6 laser welding joint. The experimental results show preheating increases the laser absorption capacity of the metal, which can lead to an increase in weld width. The microstructure of weld is the high-hardness and poor toughness twin martensite without preheating. As the temperature of preheating increases, the twin martensite in the weld begins to transform into lath martensite and regenerates ferrite and bainite. As the preheating temperature increases, the plane fracture toughness (K1C) of the weld increases and then decreases, reaching the highest value of 2322.94 MPa·mm −1/2 at 150 • C. Compared with no preheating conditions, the tensile strength of the welded joint after preheating is improved. The fracture mode of welded joints changes from brittle fracture to ductile fracture. When the preheating temperature is 100-200 • C, the tensile strength of the welded joint reaches 1018.1-1032.5 MPa; when the preheating temperature is 250 • C-300 • C, the tensile strength decreases. the heat input is in the range of 275 J/mm 0.5 ·s 0.5 to 435 J/mm 0.5 ·s 0.5 , and there was no defect in the weld [12]. Kuryntsev et al. studied the effect of heat treatment on laser welded joints of 0.349C-1Cr-1Si steel. The results showed that the laser welded joint had the characteristics of high hardness and low elongation. After heat treatment, the elongation and ductility of the welded joint are improved [13]. Laser welding has a high energy density, and the base metal is not easy to deform after welding. It can optimize the piston structure and is conducive to the full combustion of fuel. Therefore, the development of laser welding forged steel piston has become one of the development directions of piston structure [14][15][16][17]. Preheating before welding can increase the laser absorption rate of the metal and reduce the cooling rate of the weld, adjust the stress distribution of the welded joint, avoid the generation of hardened structure in the weld, and is one of the welding methods to effectively improve the mechanical properties of the welded joint [18,19].At present, there are more studies on laser welding of aluminum alloy and low carbon steel with preheating, but less on medium carbon steel [20][21][22]. In this paper, the effect of preheating on the weld structure of 42CrMo4/38MnVS6 laser welding is studied, and the mechanical properties of welded joints under different preheating temperature are compared and analyzed, which provides the basis of experimental and theoretical for the application of laser welding technology in a forged steel piston. Materials and Methods Materials

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“…Fouling can be defined as accumulation of undesirable substances on a surface. It is classified into the following categories such as particulate fouling, crystallisation fouling, corrosion fouling, bio fouling and chemical reaction fouling [11][12][13][14]. Since the 1950s, some efforts have been done on the variation in geometry of heat exchanger apparatus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium oxide with nanocoolant for heat exchanger application

Kottasamy¹,

Kadirgama²,

Annamalai³

et al. 2017

J. MECH. ENG. SCI.

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The objective of this paper is to investigate the properties of oil-based nanofluids and produce stable and biodegradable oil-based nanofluids by metal oxide nanoparticles. The cooking oil was used as a base for the nanofluid preparation. Titanium oxide was embedded as the nanoparticles, mixed with cooking oil volume concentration of nanofluids specimens, and labelled as 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.09. The study explained the analysis techniques applied to determine the enhancement of thermal properties of nanofluids. The thermal conductivity of nanofluids was studied by heat transfer rate and the overall heat transfer coefficient gained. The metal oxide nanomaterials were mixed with the oil-based fluids in order to prepare the specimens. This research focused on the usage of vegetable oil and titanium oxide nanoparticles mixture to form nanofluids. The results obtained indicated that the nanofluid gave better thermal conductivity than oil-based fluids. The results significantly increased the thermal properties limitation and improved the product reliability. The enhancement of heat transfer rate for 0.09% of nanofluid volume concentration was increased by 36.25%

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Waste cooking oil blended with the engine oil for reduction of friction and wear on piston skirt

Cited by 33 publications

References 45 publications

Biodiesel and biolubricant production from different vegetable oils through transesterification

Biodiesel and biolubricant production from different vegetable oils through transesterification

Effect of Preheating Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of 42CrMo4/38MnVS6 Heterogeneous Laser Welded Joint

Titanium oxide with nanocoolant for heat exchanger application

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