Waste polymers and gamma radiation on the mechanical improvement of polymer mortars: Experimental and calculated results

Martínez-Barrera, Gonzalo; Martínez-López, Miguel; Díaz, J.; López-Gayarre, F.; Varela-Guerrero, Víctor

doi:10.1016/j.cscm.2019.e00273

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Therefore, there is a need for a review that examines potential innovative methods of treating waste plastic before and/or after inclusion within cementitious composites. One literature review has reported that various treatments are used to improve the properties of cementitious composites containing plastics [20]. Plastic aggregates are inherently smooth and hydrophobic and characterized by poor bond formation in the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between plastic aggregates and cement paste, dissimilarly to natural aggregates; consequently, the inclusion of plastic aggregates in cementitious composites results in decreased compressive strength [4,14,17,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Modification Of Plastic Materials Using Gamma Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the optimization of the surface modification of plastic aggregates through gamma irradiation, the gamma irradiation doses were set at four levels of 25, 50, 75, and 100 kGy, with reference to previous studies [20,34,36,[40][41][42][43][44] that considered the effect of gamma irradiation on the strength properties of cementitious composites at various doses. Irradiation was provided by a cobalt-60 gamma irradiator of automatic pallet type, manufactured by the Nordion Corporation in Canada and located at the Greenpia Technology Corporation in Korea.…”

Section: Gamma Irradiation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in most cases, studies were mainly conducted on mortar or concrete with polymers added as fibers or fillers, and few studies were on cement composites with plastics added as aggregates. Martinez-Barrera et al [20,36] conducted a study on mortar and concrete containing irradiated polymers as aggregates, but mostly high doses of gamma irradiation were used, and the types of polymers were also limited. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the gamma irradiation dose for various plastic types by increasing the dose step by step from an initial low dose and to then analyze the changes in characteristics associated with the various dose levels that are tested.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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State-of-the-Art Modification of Plastic Aggregates Using Gamma Irradiation and Its Optimization for Application to Cementitious Composites

Lee

Cheon

Kang³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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In the past few decades, there have been numerous attempts to add plastic aggregates composed of polymeric materials to cementitious composites, either as an alternative to using natural aggregates or as fillers and fibers. However, the addition of plastic aggregates often results in cementitious composites with lower mechanical performance. In this paper, we attempt to address this issue by applying gamma irradiation technology to restore the mechanical performance. We aimed to determine the optimal gamma irradiation and mixing combinations by comparing the experimental results with information summarizing the recent literature related to the use of gamma-irradiated plastic aggregates within cementitious composites. To this end, the effects of changes in the physical and chemical properties of plastics due to irradiation with gamma irradiation on the strength of cementitious composites were evaluated using irradiation doses of 25, 50, 75, and 100 kGy and various plastic materials as key parameters. In the compressive strength test, it was found that adding gamma-irradiated plastic increased the compressive strength of the cementitious composites compared to the nonirradiated plastic. This suggests that the irradiation of plastic aggregates with gamma rays is an effective method to recover some of the strength lost when plastic aggregates are added to cementitious composites. In addition, modifications in the microstructure and chemical properties of the gamma-irradiated plastic were analyzed through SEM and FT-IR analysis, which allowed the determination of the strength enhancement mechanism. The results of this study show the possibility of the state-of-the-art performance improvement method for using plastic aggregate as a substitute for natural aggregate, going further from the plastic performance improvement technology for limited materials and radiation dose presented in previous studies.

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Section: Modification Of Plastic Materials Using Gamma Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gamma Irradiation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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State-of-the-Art Modification of Plastic Aggregates Using Gamma Irradiation and Its Optimization for Application to Cementitious Composites

Lee

Cheon

Kang³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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“…If polymers are treated with the e-beam irradiation, no additives are needed and no hazardous chemical bi-product are emitted [30]. In recent decades, there has been a steady increase in treatment of polymers through gamma radiation, because of, the polymer materials are modified and improved with respect to their chemical, physical, electrical, structural and optical properties [31]. Gamma rays are electromagnetic radiation photons that emit from an atomic nucleus; this kind of electromagnetic radiation has the greatest energy and smallest wavelength of any type of known waves within the electromagnetic spectrum (see Figure 1).…”

Section: Plastic Preparation and Particle Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of incorporating plastic within concrete and the potential use of microwave curing; A review

Mohammed

Sadique

Shaw

et al. 2020

Journal of Building Engineering

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In recent decades, researchers have used plastic to replace natural aggregates (NAs), or as filler and fibre within the concrete. This particular paper puts forward a review that gives comprehensive consideration to the properties and drawbacks, of concrete that contains plastic. As such, it may be hypothesised that poor bond capacity and higher air content due to inclusion of plastic aggregate (PA) within concrete are the predominant factors that reduce the properties in terms of mechanics and durability. In that regard, this study has put forward a new method of curing using microwave irradiation for improvement with respect to those factors. So, that there can be further improvement with regard to overall durability with respect to advanced chemical and hydrophobic resistivity and enhanced performance for conventional concrete with respect to bonding and ductility.

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“…This concern has compelled researchers to investigate environmentally friendly polymer materials associated with cleaner manufacturing processes 14–16 . Moreover, conventional thermoset‐based polymer composites with their covalently crosslinked networks directly result in limited recyclability, and increased plastic waste 17–19 . Researchers are therefore looking for replacements for thermoset polymer composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐healing in high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites via embedded non‐toxic solvent‐filled microcapsules

Shinde

Shelke

Celestine

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polymer composites are widely used in many industries due to their desirable, and commonly superior properties. However, the replacement of damaged composite materials can be very costly and time‐consuming, motivating the development of self‐healing composites that recover their properties after a damage event. This work demonstrates the microcapsule‐based self‐healing of compression molded thermoplastic high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites using a non‐toxic and environmentally friendly solvent, ethyl phenylacetate (EPA). EPA is incorporated within double‐walled polyurethane‐poly(urea‐formaldehyde) (PU/UF) microcapsules which are then integrated within the HIPS specimens. Flexure and fracture behavior, with and without microcapsules, is used to investigate the microcapsules' impact on composite physical properties and to determine the composite's self‐healing efficiency (up to 64%) after healing in response to fracture. Overall, this work demonstrates the inclusion of self‐healing properties in a commercially important polymer material with a non‐toxic and environmentally friendly solvent and motivates further development of thermoplastic self‐healing composites for industrial applications.

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Waste polymers and gamma radiation on the mechanical improvement of polymer mortars: Experimental and calculated results

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

State-of-the-Art Modification of Plastic Aggregates Using Gamma Irradiation and Its Optimization for Application to Cementitious Composites

State-of-the-Art Modification of Plastic Aggregates Using Gamma Irradiation and Its Optimization for Application to Cementitious Composites

The influence of incorporating plastic within concrete and the potential use of microwave curing; A review

Self‐healing in high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites via embedded non‐toxic solvent‐filled microcapsules

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