Waste to energy bio-digester selection and design model for the organic fraction of municipal solid waste

Matheri, Anthony Njuguna; Mbohwa, Charles; Ntuli, Freeman; Belaid, Mohamed; Seodigeng, Tumisang; Ngila, Jane Catherine; Njenga, Cecilia Kinuthia

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.09.051

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Acceptable methane content taking in account that Dublein and Steinhauser (2008) referred a 55% mol methane as general feature composition of biogas, and it was higher than the minimum methane content to be flammable which is 45%. Bio-digester has demonstrated the feasibility of the use with a good methane production (Njuguna et al 2018).…”

Section: Bio-digester Operatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-digestion and post-treatment of effluents by bio-fermentation, an opportunity for energy uses and generation of organic fertilizers from bovine manure

Barzallo-Bravo

Carrera-Villacrés

Vargas-Verdesoto

et al. 2019

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose Bio-fermentation has been routed as a viable alternative for the treatment of organic waste, which can provide renewable energy and can return nutrients to the soil with its byproducts. In this context, the objectives of the research were to analyze the benefits that a plastic plug-flow bio-digester can provide for treatment of bovine manure; and through biofermentation to control the E. coli number present in the bio-digester effluents. Methods The concentration of macronutrients and amount of the E. coli in the effluent was determined by the methods of analysis purposed by APHA standard methods and AOAC standard methods, respectively. In addition, the percentage composition of biogas was analyzed for determining the operative of the system. Results The production of biogas showed of 52.55% mol of methane concentration which it fed one blowtorch and one kitchenette. The bio-digester effluents showed appreciable amounts of nitrogen, potassium, phosphates, calcium, magnesium and sodium but with E. coli presence; the reason why the bio-digester effluent was treated later by a second fermentation inoculated with mountain effective microorganism, post-treatment which eliminated in 100% E. coli presence. Conclusion Both processes showed the viability as treatment of the bovine manure which brings renewable energy and effluents with nutritive loads to use it as a biofertilizer without risks to health and humanity. The project was located at the tropical zone into the Choco forest, at an average altitude of 1110 m above sea level and an average temperature annual of 21-22 °C.

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Section: Bio-digester Operatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-digestion and post-treatment of effluents by bio-fermentation, an opportunity for energy uses and generation of organic fertilizers from bovine manure

Barzallo-Bravo

Carrera-Villacrés

Vargas-Verdesoto

et al. 2019

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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“…Figure 3 the schematic of the experimental setup. The main components of the setup are a heating plate (1), a substrate made of mirror-polished steel sheet (2), a drop generator (3), a lighting system (4), a diffuser (5), PC (6), CMOS video cameras (7), a linear motion system (8), a thermocouple data acquisition device (9), a thermocouple (10), and drop (11). The drop generator consists of a micropump and a set of microchannels and nozzles.…”

Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(e.g., ref ). Assessing the synergistic effects of these challenges by using the well-known approach of multiple-criteria decision analysis presented in different forms in refs − is a rather ambitious and resource-intensive but certainly a critical task if the microemulsions are used as a promising fuel. In this work, we undertake a first-of-its-kind attempt to establish the synergistic effects of several abovementioned aspects on the effectiveness of fuel microemulsions as an alternative liquid fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental methods and some raw data on temperature-dependent stability , and quantitative estimations of secondary atomization are partly taken from our earlier studies considering the mentioned fuel microemulsion characteristics independently. Using the well-known method of multiple-criteria decision analysis, − this study is an attempt to find out and confirm the combined influence of the characteristics of fuel microemulsions interrelated according to the known interdisciplinary research ,, in fluid dynamics (drop spreading and breakup on a solid surface), colloid science (stability of dispersed systems), and rheology (viscosity) on the impact of the single-phase and compound multi-phase drops on a solid surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic Effect of the Fuel Microemulsion Characteristics on Drop Interaction with a Hot Wall

et al. 2021

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The utilization of fuel microemulsions helps in reducing harmful emissions, enhancing combustion efficiency, and preserving conventional fuels. This study is focused on the effect of the properties and phase behavior of water-in-diesel and water-in-biodiesel microemulsions that can be used as an alternative fuel on the droplet impingement dynamics of such fluids on a heated wall in the film boiling regime. The microemulsions represent complex fluids consisting of diesel fuel–rapeseed oil blends and distilled water with different mixture volume ratios. The emulsification is carried out using a mixture of a surfactant [isononylphenol poly(ethylene glycol) ether, PEG-6] and a co-surfactant (2-ethylhexanol) with a volume ratio of 9/1. The study considers the efficiency of the fuel samples in terms of the temperature-dependent viscosity and aggregate thermal stability as well as the quantitative characteristics of the spreading drop breakup, namely, mean diameter and number of ejected droplets. The fuel efficiency factor is derived to reveal the optimal samples. We test the phase behavior of the water–diesel fuel/rapeseed oil–PEG-6/2-ethylhexanol system in a wide temperature range. Comprehensive viscosity tests are carried out within the temperature ranges of stability to check the viscosity values of the developed microemulsions against the viscosity of the conventional diesel fuels.

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“…Co-digestion of substrates assisted in adjusting the pH to 7.31, within the optimum range. [48][49][50][51]…”

Section: Co-digestion Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable energy potential of anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of chicken manure, goat manure, potato peels and maize pap in South Africa

et al. 2021

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The energy sector is an essential part of a country’s economy – it drives innovation and advances in industrialisation. Coal is the primary source of energy in South Africa. Coal contributes 95% of energy production; coal-fired power also contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, and is thus a hazard to human health and the environment. This calls for an energy mix that is renewable, sustainable, and affordable and that is carbon neutral (climate action). We investigated the potential of anaerobic mono-and co-digestion of goat manure, chicken manure, potato peels, maize pap, and cow manure inoculum for mesophilic recovery of renewable energy using the biomethane potential test. The substrates were characterised through proximate and ultimate analyses to determine the composition preferable for mono- and co-digestion. The key considerations in the determination of both the yield and production rate of methane from digestion of biomass are the substrate composition and characterisation. A high percentage of volatile solids favoured optimum biomethane production as highly volatile components provide microbes with balanced nutrients that enhance metabolic processes to produce biomethane. The mono-digestion process produced lower biomethane than did co-digestion. Higher production of biomethane by co-digestion was due to the balance of the micronutrients and macronutrients that favoured microbial metabolism and regulation of pH.

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Waste to energy bio-digester selection and design model for the organic fraction of municipal solid waste

Cited by 36 publications

References 17 publications

Bio-digestion and post-treatment of effluents by bio-fermentation, an opportunity for energy uses and generation of organic fertilizers from bovine manure

Bio-digestion and post-treatment of effluents by bio-fermentation, an opportunity for energy uses and generation of organic fertilizers from bovine manure

Synergistic Effect of the Fuel Microemulsion Characteristics on Drop Interaction with a Hot Wall

Renewable energy potential of anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of chicken manure, goat manure, potato peels and maize pap in South Africa

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