“…Note that in the conducted studies, the water quality processes in river systems were simulated with different simulation models such as QUAL2E (Burn and Yulianti, 2001;Parmar and Keshari, 2014;Saadatpour and Afshar, 2007), QUAL2K (Saadatpour et al, 2019), CE-QUAL (Afshar et al, 2018), WASP4 (Cardwell and Ellis, 1993), etc. These water quality simulation models have been combined with both heuristic and deterministic optimization approaches.…”