Water as a reaction medium for clean chemical processes

Ultrasound-promoted, rapid, green, one-pot synthesis of 2′-aminobenzothiazolomethylnaphthols via a multi-component reaction, catalyzed by heteropolyacid in aqueous media

“…Moreover, industry encourages the use of sustainable materials and water as a solvent, rather than toxic organic solvents. As a consequence, in recent years much effort has been directed toward using water as a solvent for organic reactions (Azizi et al, 2009;Grieco, 1998;Li, 1993Li, , 2005Li and Chan, 1997;Pirrung and Sarma, 2004;Shabani et al, 2007a;Wei et al, 2004). Therefore, organic reactions which exploit heteropolyacid catalysts in water could reveal an ideal methodology, provided that the catalysts show high catalytic activity in water (Micek-Ilnicka, 2009).…”

Thiols as an Efficient Hydrogen Atom Donor in Free Radical Transformations in Aqueous Media

“…Following the natures lead, the challenge for today's chemist is to move away from highly volatile and environmentally harmful organic solvents and towards friendly and biologically compatible media [1]. The obvious solvent choice of solvent is water due to its abundance, cost effectiveness and biological compatibility.…”

“…The obvious solvent choice of solvent is water due to its abundance, cost effectiveness and biological compatibility. In recent years, the number of reports of free-radical reactions that use water has increased [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Freeradical reactions are an important class of synthetic reactions that have been traditionally performed in organic solvents.…”

“…In recent years, the number of reports of free-radical reactions that use water has increased [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. This reaction is important in biology, in the chemical industry and in the chemical laboratory [1,3,[10][11][12][13][14][15]. Whilst there have been several excellent reviews on carbon-carbon (C-C) bond formation and reactions of carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds in water [4,[6][7][8][9] this article addresses on the efficient use of thiols in the C-H and C-C bond formations in aqueous media via radical reactions (hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT), radical cyclization and deoxygenation) within the last decades.…”

Greener solvents for solid-phase organic synthesis

“…The contamination of aqueous waste streams with organic compounds or metal catalysts can be a substantial economic or environmental burden when it comes to its clean up or disposal, which will vary on a case-by-case basis [28,29]. As such, there has been a recent trend towards the use of organic solvents that possess more desirable health, safety or environmental considerations to conventional organic solvents for SPOS.…”