Water content and GA3-induced embryonic cell expansion explain Euterpe edulis seed germination, rather than seed reserve mobilisation

Roberto, Guilherme Garcia; Coan, Alessandra Ike; Habermann, Gustavo

doi:10.15258/sst.2011.39.3.03

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Gibberellin solutions are commonly used to induce germination in physiologically dormant seeds, acting both on the endosperm degradation (Karssen et al, 1989) as well as on the expansion of embryo cells (Bewley and Black, 1994;Roberto et al, 2011). Gibberellic acid increased %G in S. ferrugineus seeds from 9% (control) to 17% (100 mg L -1 GA 3 ; Figure 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These species usually occur in humid environments, being palm trees typical examples (Roberto et al, 2011), but some species showing seeds with recalcitrant behavior also occur in dry environments (Pammenter and Berjak, 2000). Therefore, no desiccation during maturation enables recalcitrant seeds to rapidly germinate after dispersion, because these seeds do not require rehydration (Bewley and Black, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed germination performances of Styrax species help understand their distribution in Cerrado areas in Brazil

Kissmann

Habermann

2013

Bragantia

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In this descriptive paper, we described germination responses of Styrax pohlii, S. camporum and S. ferrugineus seeds at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 °C. We also assessed the percentage germination (%G) of S. pohlii seeds with different seed water contents because, as a forest species, it seems to have recalcitrant seed behavior. Intrigued by the capacity of seeds of this species to germinate directly from puddles formed on poorly drained soils of riparian forests, where it typically occurs, we also tested the effect of de-pulping fruits on germination of S. pohlii seeds under hypoxia and normoxia conditions. In addition, we checked whether distinct concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) could break S. ferrugineus seed dormancy, a typical seed behavior of Cerrado species. No germination occurred at 5, 40 and 45 °C, regardless of the species. The optimal temperature for germination was 20 °C for S. pohlii and 25 °C for S. camporum. However, S. ferrugineus seeds showed a very low %G, regardless of the temperature, and GA 3 could not consistently break possible physiological seed dormancy. For S. pohlii seeds, the higher the seed desiccation the lower the %G, and fruit pulp removal showed to be essential for seed germination. S. pohlii seeds germinated independently of oxygenation conditions. Key words: hypoxia, Styrax pohlii, S. camporum, S. ferrugineus, temperature, desiccation seed tolerance.Desempenho germinativo de sementes de espécies de Styrax ajuda a entender sua distribuição em áreas de Cerrado no Brasil ResumoNeste trabalho descritivo foi mostrada a resposta germinativa das sementes de Styrax pohlii, S. camporum e S. ferrugineus a 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 e 45 °C. Avaliou-se também a porcentagem de germinação (%G) de sementes de S. pohlii com diferentes conteúdos de água, pois, por ser uma espécie florestal, suas sementes parecem ser recalcitrantes. Dada a capacidade de as sementes dessa espécie germinarem diretamente em poças d'água formadas em solos mal drenados nas florestas ripárias, onde a espécie tipicamente ocorre, também testou-se o efeito do despolpamento dos frutos para a germinação de sementes de S. pohlii em condições de hipóxia e normóxia. Além disso, verificou-se se diferentes concentrações de ácido giberélico (GA 3 ) poderiam quebrar a dormência das sementes de S. ferrugineus, que é característica de sementes de espécies do Cerrado. Não houve germinação a 5, 40 e 45 °C, independente da espécie. A temperatura ótima para a germinação foi 20 °C para S. pohlii e 25 °C para S. camporum. Porém, as sementes de S. ferrugineus mostraram %G muito baixa, independente da temperatura, e o GA 3 não quebrou consistentemente a possível dormência fisiológica dessas sementes. Para as sementes de S. pohlii, quanto maior a dessecação, menor %G, e a remoção da polpa dos frutos mostrou ser essencial para a germinação das sementes. As sementes de S. pohlii germinaram independentemente das condições de oxigenação.Palavras-chave: hipóxia, Styrax pohlii, S. camporum, S. ferrugineus, temperat...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed germination performances of Styrax species help understand their distribution in Cerrado areas in Brazil

Kissmann

Habermann

2013

Bragantia

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“…edulis seeds are round and may range from 8 to 15 mm in diameter (Fleig and Rigo, 1998;Pizo et al, 2006;Martins et al, 2009b) and from 0.35 to 1.81 grams of dry matter (Brancalion et al, 2011). When freshly harvested, seeds have high water content (Brancalion et al, 2011;Roberto et al, 2011) and as shown by research studies on their storage conditions, are recalcitrant due to their sensitivity to dehydration and short life period when stored (Bovi and Cardoso, 1978;Queiroz and Cavalcante, 1986;Reis et al, 1999;Martins et al, 2000;Andrade, 2001). The very small embryo accounts for only 0.54% of the total seed mass and it has only a single prominent cotyledon, a short hypocotyl-radicle axis and epicotyl, storing protein and lipid substances as sources of reserve (Panza et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with most palms, germination of E. edulis is unbalanced and slow (Bovi and Cardoso, 1976;Panza et al, 2004;Roberto and Habermann, 2010;Roberto et al, 2011), and may take from 60 to 90 days, not because the embryo is undeveloped, but because of a physical impediment that hinders the penetration of water (Bovi and Cardoso, 1976). Their thick mesocarp and hard endocarp could act as a barrier to seed imbibition, causing dormancy (Roberto et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fruit processing and the physiological quality of Euterpe edulis Martius seeds

Cursi¹,

Cícero²

2014

J. Seed Sci.

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-Different pulping methods were analyzed for Euterpe edulis, with regard to its seed physiological quality, and the physiological performance of seeds submitted to continuous drying and monitored by radiographs was assessed. In order to do so, 2x2 factorial design treatments were carried out, using two different manners to store fruit prior to pulping, immersed in water and not. Also, two different methods for the pulping of fruit were used for each lot; namely, manual and mechanical. Seeds from fruit that had been immersed in water at 40 °C for 20 minutes showed greater physiological performance than those that had not been immersed in water previously. Immersion in water at 55 °C resulted in seed death. The pulp extraction method, whether manual or mechanical, did not affect seed physiological performance. Radiographs made it possible to observe that the volume occupied by embryos in the embryo cavity reduced with decreased water content. Mechanical pulping showed no reduction in percentage of seedling emergence for water content up to 33.3%. However, reduction in water content to 16.1% caused seed death. The drying of manually pulped seeds until reaching 39.0% water content did not adversely affect seedling emergence, whereas lower water contents than 25.6% caused seed death.Index terms: juçara palm, tolerance to drying, pulped fruit, X -ray. Métodos de despolpa e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Euterpe edulis Martius RESUMO -Foram estudados os efeitos de diferentes métodos de despolpa de frutos deEuterpe edulis sobre a qualidade fisiológica das sementes, e avaliado o desempenho fisiológico de sementes submetidas à secagem contínua assistida por tomada de imagens radiográficas. Para tanto, foram realizados tratamentos em arranjo fatorial 2x2, sendo duas formas de pré-condicionamento dos frutos, com e sem imersão em água, e dois métodos de despolpa, manual e mecânico, para cada lote. As sementes obtidas a partir de frutos imersos em água a 40 °C por 20 minutos apresentaram desempenho fisiológico superior. A temperatura da água a 55 °C para a imersão dos frutos foi prejudicial e ocasionou a morte das sementes. A forma de extração da polpa, não influenciou o desempenho fisiológico das sementes. As imagens de raios X possibilitaram observar a redução do volume ocupado na cavidade embrionária pelo embrião com a redução do teor de água. Para despolpa mecânica, não há redução na percentagem de emergência de plântulas para teor de água de até 33,3% e para 16,1% de água a desidratação é letal. A secagem das sementes, despolpadas manualmente, até 39,0% de água não prejudica a emergência de plântulas e a 25,6% é letal.Termos para indexação: palmiteiro juçara, tolerância à secagem, despolpa, raios -X.

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Seed structure, germination, and reserve mobilization in Butia capitata (Arecaceae)

Oliveira

Lopes

Ribeiro

et al. 2013

Trees

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Water content and GA3-induced embryonic cell expansion explain Euterpe edulis seed germination, rather than seed reserve mobilisation

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Seed germination performances of Styrax species help understand their distribution in Cerrado areas in Brazil

Seed germination performances of Styrax species help understand their distribution in Cerrado areas in Brazil

Fruit processing and the physiological quality of Euterpe edulis Martius seeds

Seed structure, germination, and reserve mobilization in Butia capitata (Arecaceae)

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