Water Depth Effect to Ferry Ship Resistance with Computational Fluid Dynamic Method

Abstract

Predicting ship resistance in shallow water conditions is very important for the operational considerations of a ship. Shallow waters greatly affect viscous resistance, wave resistance and also propulsion efficiency. This study aims to determine the effect of water depth on the resistance of the ferry. The CFD method was used to simulate this phenomenon and its effects on the hull starting from the coefficient of ship resistance, surge force, sway force and yaw (hydrodynamic moment). Input speed at 9 – 13 knots with depth ratio H/T = 4 (deep water), H/T = 3 (deep water), H/T = 2 (medium water), H/T = 1.3 (shallow water), and H/T = 1 (very shallow water). The simulation results show a significant increase in total resistance, surge force, sway force, and hydrodynamic moment in shallow water conditions in every speed variation. This condition is caused by the increase in pressure received by the ship's hull when operating in shallow water.