Water Distribution and Removal  Model

Deng, Yuming; Chipman, N.A.; Hardin, Ernest

doi:10.2172/899342

Cited by 14 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Compared to the usual 2D approach, the cells are closer in 3D, providing room for reducing the wire lengths. This possible reduction is already shown experimentally [1,2,[8][9][10]17] and theoretically [4]. The cross chip wires in the circuit that the most critical and complex ones are improved since the longest distance in the 3D cube is smaller than on the 2D plane, as shown in [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

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Quadratic placement for 3d circuits using z-cell shifting, 3d iterative refinement and simulated annealing

Hentschke

Flach

Pinto

et al. 2006

Proceedings of the 19th Annual Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design

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This paper presents a quadratic placement algorithm to be applied for 3D circuits. We formulate the 3D problem to control the area balance and the number of 3D-Vias between tiers. We introduce the z-Cell Shifting operation in order to control the area balance. We also define a new operation for the refinement of the solution called 3D Iterative Refinement, that has a control statement to avoid excessive number of 3D-Vias in order to keep the feasibility of our placement solution. After quadratic placement, we move to the placement legalization that is based on min-cost max flow and Simulated Annealing. For detailed placement refinement, we apply Simulated Annealing without cell migration between tiers. Experimental results show that our placement flow targeting one tier is comparable to academic tools such as FastPlace, Capo and Dragon in wire length and running time when targeting a single tier. On multiple tiers, we can reduce the average wire length from 7% (2 tiers) to 32% (5 tiers) and worst wire length by 26% (2 tiers) to 52% (5 tiers). The number of 3D-Vias obtained is feasible since the area overhead introduced is always below 10%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Their method does not state clearly the algorithm details for spreading the cells and dealing with I/O pins. Other approaches are based on iterative force directed methods [17] or in partitioning based methods [2,9]. Most of the studied works seem to share the same drawback: the placement algorithm is very simplistic on the zaxis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quadratic placement for 3d circuits using z-cell shifting, 3d iterative refinement and simulated annealing

Hentschke

Flach

Pinto

et al. 2006

Proceedings of the 19th Annual Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design

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“…And the proposal is applied to the fault diagnosis of a motor rotor, where the practical data in [3] are used for the comparison with the related method.…”

Section: Experimental Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, many researchers study the ontologies of evidence to resolve the problem of highly conflict, which is the second type. The main research works for the second type include the simple average approach of the bodies of evidence proposed by Murphy [2], the weighted average of the masses based on the evidence distance presented by Deng et al [3] and the cosine theorem-based method proposed by Zhang et al [4]. However, the effect of evidence's uncertainty itself on the weight was overlooked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method of DS Evidence Theory for Multi-Sensor Conflicting Information

Liu¹,

Wang²

2018

Proceedings of the 2017 4th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Computer (MACMC 2017)

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Abstract:The multi-sensor data fusion technique plays a significant role in fault diagnosis and in a variety of applications. Conflict management is an open issue in Dempster-Shafer evidence theory. In this paper, a novel multi-sensor data fusion approach is proposed based on the spectral angle cosine function of evidence, belief entropy and group decision fuzzy preference relation analysis.The numerical simulation analyses demonstrate that the improved DS evidence theory available in this paper overcomes the limitations of conventional DS evidence theory, and can realizes more reliable fusion with multi-sensor conflicting information compared to the existing methods.

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“…Usually, chemical and electrochemical methods ("bottom-up" approaches), such as chemical vapor deposition [12] and solvothermal synthesis [13], are utilized to produce tellurium-based materials. In particular, one-dimensional (1D) tellurium nanostructures such as wires, rods, tubes, and belts have been synthesized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Photoconductivity Properties of Tellurium/PMMA Films

Carotenuto¹,

Palomba²,

Nicola³

et al. 2016

Nano Online

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(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited.Owing to the very brittle nature of tellurium powder, nanoscopic grains with an average size of 4.8 ± 0.8 nm were produced by dry vibration milling technique using a mixer/mill apparatus. A novel material was obtained by binding the nanosized tellurium grains with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer. The morphology, elemental composition, and structural and optical properties of Te/PMMA films were investigated. The prepared material was composed of hexagonal tellurium and α-phase of tellurium oxide. The electrical properties of the films were studied, for different electrode contact configurations, in dark condition and under white light illumination varying the optical power density from 2 to 170 mW/cm2 and turning the light on and off cyclically. Data analysis shows that the photoconductivity of the film with sandwich contact configuration is a linear function of the light power density and increases more than 2 orders of magnitude as compared to the photoresponse of the film with coplanar contact configuration.Keywords: Tellurium; Vibration milling; Poly(methyl methacrylate); Photoconductivity BackgroundElemental tellurium is a p-type semiconductor that can be exploited for many technological applications in metallurgy, photovoltaics, photonics, electronics, and medicine [1]. It has been used in the form of thin films or powder to fabricate gas sensors [ 2,3], antiseptic materials [4], photoconductors [5][6][7], thermoelectric devices [8][9][10][11], etc.Usually, chemical and electrochemical methods ("bottom-up" approaches), such as chemical vapor deposition [12] and solvothermal synthesis [13], are utilized to produce tellurium-based materials. In particular, one-dimensional (1D) tellurium nanostructures such as wires, rods, tubes, and belts have been synthesized. For example, Rao et al. [14] reported controlled synthesis of Te nanorods, nanowires, nanobelts, and related structures by the disproportionation of NaHTe in different solvents, Xia et al. [15,16] In this paper, results on a top-down approach [24], based on dry vibration milling technology, to reduce the size of a brittle material such as tellurium and produce nanoscopic phases in a simple, effective, and inexpensive way, are reported. Indeed, nanostructures in the form of fine tellurium powder composed of grains with average size of a few nanometers were produced in air, without any temperature control and chemical reactions.Furthermore, a novel functional material was obtained as monolithic film by binding the tellurium nanopowders with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), an amorphous thermoplastic polymer widely used in spectroscopic and optoelectronic applications.Further advantages of this preparation method are the following: (i) the slight toxicity of tellurium is reduced by embedding it in the form of powder into a polymeric matrix thus overcoming the limits for an in...

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Water Distribution and Removal Model

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Quadratic placement for 3d circuits using z-cell shifting, 3d iterative refinement and simulated annealing

Quadratic placement for 3d circuits using z-cell shifting, 3d iterative refinement and simulated annealing

A Novel Method of DS Evidence Theory for Multi-Sensor Conflicting Information

Structural and Photoconductivity Properties of Tellurium/PMMA Films

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