Water fluoridation for the prevention of dental caries

Alam, Rahul; Iheozor‐Ejiofor, Zipporah; O’Malley, Lucy; Glenny, Anne‐Marie; Macey, Richard; Tugwell, Peter; Walsh, Tanya; Welch, Vivian; Worthington, Helen V

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010856

Cited by 113 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A more recent review did not identify evidence that satisfied its inclusion criteria in determining the effectiveness of water fluoridation for adults. 4 However, that review was criticized for adopting unrealistic and inappropriate inclusion criteria. 5 Australian research on the benefit of fluoridation for adult caries experience initially focussed on young or middle-aged adults in the armed services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of water fluoridation in the prevention of dental caries across adult age groups

Peres

et al. 2017

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of water fluoridation in the prevention of dental caries across adult age groups

Peres

et al. 2017

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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“…This debate has been the focus of three international committees, and was the reason for commissioning them. It also instigated the Cochrane's systematic review (Iheozor-Ejiofor et al 2015). Perhaps the major difference between the Israeli experts who oppose fluoridation, such as the Adin Committee experts or the Water Authority experts and their counterparts abroad is the unwillingness of the Israeli experts to voice their reservations in the media.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors of this review concluded that there is very little updated and high-quality evidence indicating that fluoridation reduces dental caries, while there is significant association between fluoride levels and dental fluorosis (Iheozor-Ejiofor et al 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Communicating risk for issues that involve ‘uncertainty bias’: what can the Israeli case of water fluoridation teach us?

Gesser‐Edelsburg

Shir-Raz

2016

Journal of Risk Research

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Water fluoridation is a controversial issue in public health. Despite the uncertainty regarding its efficacy and safety, health officials continue to communicate it as 'unequivocally' safe and effective. Our focus is on how health officials and policy-makers in Israel frame the issue of water fluoridation in terms of certainty while promoting a mandatory fluoridation policy. According to van Asselt and Vos, the uncertainty paradox describes situations in which uncertainty is acknowledged, but the role of science is framed as providing certainty. Our study is an analysis of documents and media articles emphasizing the paradoxical language used by official representatives on the controversial topic of fluoridation. A central contribution of this study is that we coin the term 'uncertainty bias,' in which policy-makers do exactly what they accuse laypeople of doing, framing uncertainty in biased terms. We found that in order to establish mandatory regulation, health ministry officials expressed information in an unbalanced format, promoting the topic of fluoridation by framing it in exclusively positive terms. This study does not focus on the practice of water fluoridation per se, and is not intended to decide for or against it, but rather, to explore how the debate regarding it is communicated. Understanding this particular case can shed light on how other controversial topics are transformed into health policy that is characterized in equivocal terms.

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“…2 A recent Cochrane systematic review on CWF and dental caries concluded that the availability of contemporary evidence is scarce, with most studies conducted prior to 1975. 3 Further, evidence on the effect of CWF cessation on dental caries is especially limited. 4 Cessation of CWF appears to be increasing in frequency in some regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological considerations for designing a community water fluoridation cessation study

Singhal

Farmer

McLaren

2017

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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High-quality, up-to-date research on community water fluoridation (CWF), and especially on the implications of CWF cessation for dental health, is limited. Although CWF cessation studies have been conducted, they are few in number; one of the major reasons is the methodological complexity of conducting such a study. This article draws on a systematic review of existing cessation studies (n=15) to explore methodological considerations of conducting CWF cessation studies in future. We review nine important methodological aspects (study design, comparison community, target population, time frame, sampling strategy, clinical indicators, assessment criteria, covariates and biomarkers) and provide recommendations for planning future CWF cessation studies that examine effects on dental caries. There is no one ideal study design to answer a research question. However, recommendations proposed regarding methodological aspects to conduct an epidemiological study to observe the effects of CWF cessation on dental caries, coupled with our identification of important methodological gaps, will be useful for researchers who are looking to optimize resources to conduct such a study with standards of rigour.

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Water fluoridation for the prevention of dental caries

Abstract: Water fluoridation for the prevention of dental caries.

Cited by 113 publications

References 17 publications

Effectiveness of water fluoridation in the prevention of dental caries across adult age groups

Effectiveness of water fluoridation in the prevention of dental caries across adult age groups

Communicating risk for issues that involve ‘uncertainty bias’: what can the Israeli case of water fluoridation teach us?

Methodological considerations for designing a community water fluoridation cessation study

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