Water Purification Methods Involving Sodium Silicates

Hay, H.R.

doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1944.tb21013.x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Chemical treatment methods include the.use of lime either alone (3) or with magnesium as dolomitic lime or rnagne-. 'sium sulfate (4,5) ; magnesia (6,7) ; calcium phosphate added as a powder (8,9) or precipitated "in situ" (10,12) ; and aluminum sulfate, alone or in conjunction with a coagulant aid (4,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Other chemicals such as the bentonites, fuller's earth, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, bauxite, sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, and ferric salts have also been tried (3,(23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Additive Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defluoridation of Water With Activated Alumina

Savinelli¹,

Black²

1958

Journal AWWA

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Section: Additive Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defluoridation of Water With Activated Alumina

Savinelli¹,

Black²

1958

Journal AWWA

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“…Pioneering work was done by Baylis, who used sulfuric acid to prepare the silica sols (Baylis, 1936(Baylis, , 1937(Baylis, , a,b, 1938. Hay found that a variety of reactants could be used to obtain active sols, including acid gases, ammonium salts, and acid salts such as sodium bicarbonate and sodium bisulfate (Hay, 1944a(Hay, ,b, 1948.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mechanism of activated silica sol formation

Lange¹,

Spencer²

1968

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Activated silica sols have had a long history as coagulant aids. These activated sols differ from stabilized sols primarily in that the polymerization of the silicate is not halted to give a stable particle. The rate of polymerization is changed by dilution before gel formation takes place. By following pH and light scattering changes within the sol systems, conclusions have been drawn as to the mechanism of polymerization and the effect of dilution upon polymerization. In forming the activated sols, sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate were used. These two reagents give significantly different polymerization behavior to warrant modification of the polymerization mechanism in the presence of ammonium ion. Flocculation tests conducted with kaolin clay, using the activated sols as coagulant aids, mirror the fundamental behavior measured by pH and light scattering. Thus the fundamental data obtained on the sols themselves can be applied to practical jar test procedures in a meaningful way.

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“…This fact is portrayed in figures 5-8 and in table 5.4 3 The shifting of the isoelectric point from 8.6 to lower pH values by strongly adsorbable negative ions has been encountered before (5, 7). 4 The data in table 5 also may be used to estimate the coagulation ranges of the silicates at various hydrogen-ion activities. These data were approximated from figures 1, 2, and 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sodium Silicates on Iron Oxide Surfaces

Hazel¹

1945

J. Phys. Chem.

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Addition of strongly adsorbable negative ions (5, 7) and negative colloids (8) to iron oxide sols converts the surfaces of the particles from the positive to the negative form. At low concentrations of the added substances coagulation occurs, while at somewhat higher concentrations, the hydrous oxide is changed into a stable negative colloid. Solutions of the alkali silicates, because of the presence therein of hydroxyl ions, polyvalent negative ions, and/or negative ionic micelles, should be capable of producing these effects. Strength is given to this supposition by the fact that the silicates are used technically in water treatment as floc-producing aids (1, 2, 4). In addition they are employed in corrosion control (10), a fact which may be associated (5) with their ability to recharge iron oxide surfaces.

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Water Purification Methods Involving Sodium Silicates

Abstract: treatment at many municipal and industrial water purification plants IS warranted.

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Defluoridation of Water With Activated Alumina

Defluoridation of Water With Activated Alumina

Mechanism of activated silica sol formation

The Effect of Sodium Silicates on Iron Oxide Surfaces

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