Water Quality Indices as Tools for Decision Making and Management

Gitau, Margaret W.; Chen, Jingqiu; Ma, Zhao

doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1311-0

Cited by 89 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Essa é considerada uma fraqueza inerente à medida do IQA, que apesar da existência de valores prejudiciais de certos parâmetros, leva a uma classificação "boa", pelo fato de encobrir valores baixos dos subíndices. Por isso a avaliação de cada subíndice, associado ao valor do IQA é fundamental, se se pretende usar o IQA como uma ferramenta de gerenciamento de decisões e intervenções [12]. Os subíndices têm como objetivo expressar valores dos parâmetros em unidades comuns de qualidade da água tipicamente baseadas em uma escala de zero (pior) a 100 (melhor).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…São indicadores compostos, da qualidade da água que juntam as informações dos diferentes parâmetros de qualidade da água em um único valor global, que pode ser rapidamente e facilmente comunicado ao público-alvo (gestores, usuários e publico em geral). Os IQA apresentam a vantagem de diminuir o número de parâmetros associados que precisam ser interpretados para determinação da qualidade da água; permitem comparar estados de diferentes corpos de água, no intervalo espaço -tempo e são úteis para o planejamento de ações de gestão e aplicação de recursos financeiros [6,12,13,20).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Existem disponiveis na literatura vários IQAs [12], e muitos deles foram desenvolvidos para sistemas de água doce [19], contudo têm sido considerados adequados também para utilização em lagos [21], fontes de água potável em geral [14] e águas usadas na agrícultura [11].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Avaliação da qualidade da água dos reservatórios localizados nas bacias hidrográficas dos rios Piauí – Real, utilizando o índice de qualidade da água (IQA)

Lima

Alves

2017

Sci. Plena

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Avaliação da qualidade da água dos reservatórios localizados nas bacias hidrográficas dos rios Piauí -Real, utilizando o índice de qualidade da água (IQA)Evaluation of the water quality of the reservoirs located in the Piauí -Real river basins, using the water quality index (IQA) A água do reservatório AG foi classificada como "Ruim" e a do reservatório JB como "Boa". Para os reservatórios TB e DM a qualidade da água variou de "Aceitável" para "Boa" em função do período de amostragem. Os parâmetros que mais impactaram sobre a qualidade da água foram DBO5, OD, COL e STD, e devem estar associados, principalmente, ao aporte de despejos sanitários e a processos de salinização. In this work the multiplicative IQA, developed by NSF (National Sanitation Foundation) and adapted in Brazil by the São Paulo Environmental Sanitation Technology Company (CETESB), was used to evaluate the water quality of the reservoirs Dionísio Machado (DM), Taboca (TB), Amargosa (AG) and Jabiberi (JB), located in the South Central region of the State of Sergipe. The DM and TB reservoirs are located in the Piauí river basin, and the AG and JB in the Real river basin. Surface water samples were collected from June/2013 to August/2014, comprising two rainy periods and one dry period. In each sample the following parameters were determined: pH, turbidity (TUR), dissolved oxygen (OD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total dissolved solids (STD), total phosphorus (Pt), nitrate (NO3), thermotolerant coliforms (COL) and water temperature (T, measured in the field). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used with an auxiliary tool to solve the limitation of the IQA, in relation to the STD values above 500 mg L -1 . The water in the AG reservoir was classified as "Bad" and the water in the JB reservoir was "Good". For the TB and DM reservoirs the water quality ranged from "Acceptable" to "Good" depending on the sampling period. The parameters that most affected the water quality were DBO5, OD, COL and STD, and should be associated mainly with the contribution of sanitary waste and salinization processes.R

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Avaliação da qualidade da água dos reservatórios localizados nas bacias hidrográficas dos rios Piauí – Real, utilizando o índice de qualidade da água (IQA)

Lima

Alves

2017

Sci. Plena

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“…Water quantity and quality measurements are good representations of water resources based on common practice in water resources research. Indicators of water quantity and water quality were collected with the principles of integrity, simplicity, and data accessibility, emulating commonly used indicators from similar research (Gitau, Chen, & Ma, ). Water quality data were collected from the Lianyungang Environmental Quality Bulletin (2001–2016, Lianyungang Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a resilience assessment framework for the Urban Land–Water System

Lin

et al. 2019

Land Degrad Dev

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Coastal areas of China have experienced rapid land development accompanied by an increase of impervious surface area often, leading to considerable environmental degradation, particularly for water quantity and quality. This land–water interaction within an urban milieu, called an Urban Land–Water System, involves critical ecosystem function loss and undesirable resilience change. With the purpose of identifying changes in spatial–temporal resilience of an Urban Land–Water System, we formulated an innovative quantitative method for resilience assessment based on the concept of critical functionality and Hooke's Law. The resilience assessment method contextualizes critical functionality of complex systems by integrating subsystems of impervious surface area with subsystems of water quantity and water quality. The method was applied in a study area named Lianyungang, whereby we compared different contributions of three subsystems within two scenarios, Scenario a (one‐fourth of impervious surface area, one‐half of water quantity, and one‐fourth of water quality) and Scenario b (one‐third for each subsystem). Overall, resilience degrades for the Urban Land–Water System from 2005 to 2010 to a relatively lower state with significantly increasing areas (from 62.88 to 281.50 km2) of low‐value resilience. Impervious surface area and water quantity were the main contributors to resilience change. In particular, the loss of resilience within Lianyungang was mostly due to the loss of evapotranspiration and increased built‐up land in both urban and rural areas. The resilience assessment method developed herein identifies areas of significant influences on nested and overlapping resilience change, thereby offering a practical approach for identifying hotspots for managing balances between different spatial–temporal subsystems.

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“…They differ primarily in the determinants used, the mathematical derivation strategies, and the classification criteria [2]. This has been comprehensively reviewed by Gitau et al [5]; for example, the water quality index of the U.S. National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) uses nine variables, that is, DO, fecal coliform count (FCC), pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), temperature (Temp), total phosphate (TP), nitrate (NO 3 − ), turbidity (Turb), and total solids (TS). For each parameter, a score, , is determined from a rating curve and multiplied by the weightage assigned, , yielding the weighted subindices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of a Physicochemical Indexing Method for Evaluation of Tropical River Water Quality

Sim

Tai

2018

Journal of Chemistry

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This paper attempts to evaluate the Malaysian water quality indexing method that has been criticized for its ineffectiveness. The indexing method is referred to as the Water Quality Index of the Department of Environment, Malaysia (DOE-WQI). This index was assessed against two other indices (River Ganga Index and Minimal Water Quality Index (WQI min )) and a modified DOE-WQI was also proposed. DOE-WQI and WQI min are physicochemical indices, whereas the River Ganga Index and modified DOE-WQI are indices with the inclusion of a microbiological parameter. The assessment was conducted based on the water quality of tropical rivers in Malaysia, with specific reference to Sarawak River and its tributaries. Water quality in terms of pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, turbidity, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, ammoniacal nitrogen, and fecal coliform count (FCC) was measured from 18 stations in December 2015, January 2016, and March 2016. Generally, the river was characterized with high FCC with the four indices significantly correlated. The results demonstrated the shortcomings of the existing DOE-WQI; the physicochemical index assigned water quality to a better class than its actual conditions without taking into consideration the FCC.

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Water Quality Indices as Tools for Decision Making and Management

Cited by 89 publications

References 49 publications

Avaliação da qualidade da água dos reservatórios localizados nas bacias hidrográficas dos rios Piauí – Real, utilizando o índice de qualidade da água (IQA)

Avaliação da qualidade da água dos reservatórios localizados nas bacias hidrográficas dos rios Piauí – Real, utilizando o índice de qualidade da água (IQA)

Developing a resilience assessment framework for the Urban Land–Water System

Assessment of a Physicochemical Indexing Method for Evaluation of Tropical River Water Quality

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