Water‐selective Membrane from Crosslinking of Poly(vinyl alcohol) with Tartaric Acid and Its Pervaporation Separation Characteristics for a Water/Acetic Acid Mixture

Abstract

The preparation of a water-selective membrane from the crosslinking of high molecular weight poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with tartaric acid is reported. The resulting membrane was characterized by IR spectroscopy, swelling studies, differential scanning calorimetry, and contact angle testing, and was finally applied in the pervaporation. The performance of the membrane was evaluated in relation to the mixing ratio, changes in feed concentration, and changes in operating temperature. An optimum mixing ratio of 80:20 (wt %) of PVA to tartaric acid was determined, giving a flux range from 0.0072 to 0.095 kg/m 2 h and a separation factor of 41.5-707.6 at 40-60 C and 80-90 wt % aqueous acetic acid feed solution. From an Arrhenius type of relationship, it was determined that flux varies exponentially with temperature. The activation energy was calculated for the permeation of each of component of the mixture, with a higher activation energy being observed for acetic acid than for water. From the separation index, it could be concluded that the membrane has good selectivity toward water and exhibits better performance at higher acetic acid concentrations.

Ag-exchanged NaY zeolite introduced polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylic acid mixed matrix membrane for pervaporation separation of water/isopropanol mixture

“…As the amount of the Ag-NaZ particles in the PVA/PAA membrane increased from 0 to 5 wt% the ux increased nearly threefold (0.03 to 0.084 kg m À2 h À1 ) and the separation factor also increased from 352 to 2718 (AgNaZ-M0 to AgNaZ-M5), as opposed to the case of a conventional polymer membrane system. 1,9,16,28 In order to demonstrate the effect of the Ag-NaZ particles on the PV characteristics of the membranes, we plotted the Ag-NaZ particle content in the membranes as a function of the individual uxes of IPA and water and the water content in the permeate (Fig. 7).…”

Pervaporation Dehydration of Azeotropic Water/Acetonitrile Mixture Using High Water Affinity PVA–PVAm Blended Membrane

“…15 Briefly, membrane sample with an effective 19.6 cm 2 were fitted in to the membrane cell. The designed apparatus for the pervaporation experiment of the given study is same as it depicted in our previous article.…”

“…All of the pervaporation tests were performed with the MB3 membrane at 30 C, as shown in Figure 10. 15,20,31 However, excessive swelling due to the increase in the feed water absorption severely impacted the fragility of membrane and caused it to become plasticized. The acetonitrile exhibits azeotropes with water at 82.2% at 76.5 C under atmospheric pressure.…”

“…15,16 PVA incorporated with an inorganic filler was therefore studied, in order to reduce the swelling in an aqueous medium. The crosslinking density could, however, negatively affect the pervaporation performance due to stiffening.…”

Poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(vinyl amine) blend membranes for isopropanol dehydration

“…Furthermore, it is suitable for membrane preparation because of its excellent chemical stability and film‐forming ability . However, in aqueous feed mixtures, PVA membranes undergo excessive swelling; thus, PVA is always modified using methods such as chemical crosslinking, polymer grafting, blending with different polymers, formation of PVA copolymers, and thermal treatment. Membranes prepared from the blending of different polymers show promising PV performance.…”