Water-Soluble Conjugated Polymers for Imaging, Diagnosis, and Therapy

Zhu, Chunlei; Liu, Libing; Yang, Qiong; Lv, Fengting; Wang, Shu

doi:10.1021/cr200263w

Cited by 1,117 publications

(935 citation statements)

References 213 publications

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“…2a, bottom). [16][17][18] On the other hand, nonconjugated polymer backbones have repeating units that are electrically isolated from each other. Because the polymer backbone is insulating, it is invariably attached with electroactive groups to impart charge-transporting and/or emissive properties to the polymer (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Polymer Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (PLED) Using Non-conjugated Polymers as the Emitting Layer and Contrasting Them with Conjugated Counterparts

Wong

2017

Journal of Elec Materi

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Polymer organic light-emitting diodes (PLED) are one of the most studied subjects in flexible electronics thanks to their economical wet fabrication procedure for enhanced price advantage of the product device. In order to optimize PLED efficiency, correlating the polymer structure with the device performance is essential. An important question for the researchers in this field is whether the polymer backbone is conjugated or not as it affects the device performance. In this review, recent advances in non-conjugated polymers employed as the emitting layer in PLED devices are first discussed, followed by their contrast with the conjugated counterparts in terms of polymer synthesis, sample quality, physical properties and device performances. Such comparison between conjugated and non-conjugated polymers for PLED applications is rarely attempted, and; hence, this review shall provide a useful insight of emitting polymers employed in PLEDs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Polymer Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (PLED) Using Non-conjugated Polymers as the Emitting Layer and Contrasting Them with Conjugated Counterparts

Wong

2017

Journal of Elec Materi

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“…Fluorescent conjugated polymers (CPs) based NPs have recently received great attention in bioimaging applications 25, 26, 27. They have been used for targeted in vitro/in vivo cellular imaging, intracellular biomolecule imaging, and in vivo small molecule imaging due to their high brightness, good photostability, low cytotoxicity as well as readily tailored optical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Far‐Red/Near‐Infrared Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Long‐Term In Situ Monitoring of Liver Tumor Growth

Liu

2015

Advanced Science

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The design and synthesis is reported for a fluorescent conjugated polymer (CP), poly{[4,4,9,9‐tetrakis(4‐(octyloxy)phenyl‐4,9‐dihydro‐s‐indaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b′]dithiophene)]‐alt‐co‐[4,7‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole]} (PIDT‐DBT), with absorption and emission profiles fallen within far‐red/near infrared (FR/NIR) region and further demonstrate its application in long‐term in vitro cell tracing and in vivo imaging of liver tumor growth. PIDT‐DBT‐Tat nanoparticles (NPs) have an absorption maximum at ≈600 nm with an emission maximum at ≈720 nm in water. In vitro cell tracing studies reveal that PIDT‐DBT‐Tat NPs can trace HepG2 liver cancer cells over 8 d. In vivo imaging results indicate that PIDT‐DBT‐Tat NPs can monitor liver tumor growth for more than 27 d in a real‐time manner. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that PIDT‐DBT‐Tat NPs are superior to commercial Qtracker 705 as fluorescent probes. This study demonstrates for the first time the feasibility for long‐term in vivo imaging of tumor growth by utilizing CP‐based fluorescent probes, which will encourage the development of NIR fluorescent CPs for in vivo bioimaging.

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“…By attaching polar end groups (such as ammonium groups, sulfonate groups, and phosphonate groups) onto the periphery of conjugated backbone, organic semiconductors can acquire good solubility in polar solvents like alcohol and water. [2][3][4][5] One of the benefits of processing this class of water/alcohol soluble materials is that toxic organic solvents can be avoided, which will be beneficial for future mass-production. In fact, they are already commonly used as interface layers in organic solar cells, organic light emitting diodes, and organic filed effect transistors, due to their excellent capability to modify the work function of metals and metal oxide.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is probably due to the reduction of work function of MoO 3 electrode in the devices by amine 7 After the injection region, we can find the voltage dependence was stronger than that in the PCDTBT:PCBM based device (J / V 3.2 compared with J / V 2. 5) , which is probably caused by the hole trapping effect induced by B-PCBA. 23,24 Compared with the hole current of P3HT-based device, we can find a very perfect quadratic dependence of the current on voltage for the device even with addition of B-PCBA, which can be fitted with Child's law, 25 suggesting P3HT:PCBM: B-PCBA film is trapfree.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of amino group on PCDTBT-based and P3HT-based polymer solar cells: Hole trapping processes

Cai

Zhong

Duan

et al. 2015

Applied Physics Letters

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Polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on aliphatic-amino-functionalized materials presented low performance with negligibly small efficiency, the prime mechanism of which is found to be hole trapping induced by the amine end groups. We propose that such hole trapping behavior depends on the relative energetic position of the hole transport states and the trapping states. Herein, we comparatively study the photovoltaic properties of PSCs based on amino-functionalized fullerene derivative blended with poly [N-9′-heptadecanyl-2, 7-carbazole-alt-5, 5-(4′, 7′-di-2-thienyl-2′, 1′, 3′-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) or poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). The former polymer has a lower-positioning highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level, whereas the latter has a comparable HOMO level relative to the ionization state of tertiary aliphatic amine in energy. Our investigation confirms our proposition, revealing an ultrafast trapping process in PCDTBT:amino-group-functionalized fullerene derivative film, which seriously crippled hole transport, consequently results in very poor device performance. In contrast, trapping process is almost negligible in P3HT systems.

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Water-Soluble Conjugated Polymers for Imaging, Diagnosis, and Therapy

Cited by 1,117 publications

References 213 publications

Recent Advances in Polymer Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (PLED) Using Non-conjugated Polymers as the Emitting Layer and Contrasting Them with Conjugated Counterparts

Recent Advances in Polymer Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (PLED) Using Non-conjugated Polymers as the Emitting Layer and Contrasting Them with Conjugated Counterparts

Far‐Red/Near‐Infrared Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Long‐Term In Situ Monitoring of Liver Tumor Growth

The influence of amino group on PCDTBT-based and P3HT-based polymer solar cells: Hole trapping processes

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