Water: Water Quality and Challenges from Agriculture

McDowell, R. W.; Laurenson, Seth

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-52512-3.00085-1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 113 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Land use changes such as increasing sand mining and agriculture activities almost always leads to a decline in water quality and therefore, there is a need for strategic planning to mitigate impacts to achieve the desired water quality objectives. 4 , 5 An important part of strategic planning requires data collection on existing water quality conditions at a local scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Quality Modelling for River Activities Management: Example from a Low- and Middle-Income Country

Zahidi

Wilson²,

Brown

et al. 2020

Journal of Health and Pollution

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Background. Rivers are susceptible to pollution and water pollution is a growing problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) with rapid development and minimal environmental protections. There are universal pollutant threshold values, but they are not directly linked to river activities such as sand mining and aquaculture. Water quality modelling can support assessments of river pollution and provide information on this important environmental issue. Objectives. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate water quality modelling methodology in reviewing existing policies for Malaysian river catchments based on an example case study. Methods. The MIKE 11 software developed by the Danish Hydraulic Institute was used to model the main pollutant point sources within the study area - sand mining and aquaculture. Water quality data were obtained for six river stations from 2000 to 2015. All sand mining and aquaculture locations and approximate production capacities were quantified by ground survey. Modelling of the sand washing effluents was undertaken with the advection-dispersion module due to the nature of the fine sediment. Modelling of the fates of aquaculture deposits required both advection-dispersion and Danish Hydraulic Institute ECO Lab modules to simulate the detailed interactions between water quality determinants. Results. According to the Malaysian standard, biochemical oxygen command (BOD) and ammonium (NH4) parameters fell under Class IV at most of the river reaches, while the dissolved oxygen (DO) parameter varied between Classes II to IV. Total suspended solids (TSS) fell within Classes IV to V along the mid river reaches of the catchment. Discussion. Comparison between corresponding constituents and locations showed that the water quality model reproduced the long-term duration exceedance for the main body of the curves. However, the water quality model underestimated the infrequent high concentration observations. A standard effluent disposal was proposed for the development of legislation and regulations by authorities in the district that could be replicated for other similar catchments. Conclusions. Modelling pollutants enables observation of trends over the years and the percentage of time a certain class is exceeded for each individual pollutant. The catchment did not meet Class II requirements and may not be able to reach Class I without extensive improvements in the quality and reducing the quantity of both point and non-point effluent sources within the catchment. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Quality Modelling for River Activities Management: Example from a Low- and Middle-Income Country

Zahidi

Wilson²,

Brown

et al. 2020

Journal of Health and Pollution

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Water quality characterization of storm and irrigation runoff from a container nursery

Yazdi

Sample

Scott

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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The use of treatment train for stormwater quality control in urban areas in Malaysia: A short review

Osman

Takaijudin

Yusof

et al. 2020

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Water pollution is a major challenge in urban areas. The main source of water pollution is the runoff accelerated from impervious areas and agricultural land. In recent years, planning and designing of urban water management in Malaysia is moving away from the conventional thinking of designing for flooding to balancing the impact of urban drainage on flood control and quality management. In order to minimize the environmental impact of water pollution, Best management practices (BMPs) and Low impact development (LID) approaches have been used to manage runoff as close as possible to its source. The individual practices often have a low ability to provide consistent pollutant removal. Therefore, the arrangement of several LID-BMPs is recommended. This arrangement in series is called a treatment train. There is a need to review findings in the use of treatment train for water quality control. Therefore, this review paper discussing the ability of the treatment train for water quality control of runoff in urban areas in Malaysia. In addition, it compares a single treatment with the treatment train. The use of treatment train was very effective for stormwater control when compared with a single treatment practice. However, the use of treatment train for treating other types of runoff such as agricultural runoff still not implemented yet. It is recommended to use this system for treating other types of runoff such as agricultural runoff in the future work.

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Water: Water Quality and Challenges from Agriculture

Cited by 3 publications

References 113 publications

Water Quality Modelling for River Activities Management: Example from a Low- and Middle-Income Country

Water Quality Modelling for River Activities Management: Example from a Low- and Middle-Income Country

Water quality characterization of storm and irrigation runoff from a container nursery

The use of treatment train for stormwater quality control in urban areas in Malaysia: A short review

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