Wave Overtopping Rate for Vertical Seawall on Horizontal Floor Under Regular Wave Conditions

Abstract

The wave overtopping characteristics at an upright seawall installed on a horizontal base interacting with regular waves was clarified by numerical calculations using CADMAS-SURF and large-scale hydraulic experiments. To determine the wave overtopping rate for a seawall on a uniform slope, Kikkawa et al. introduced a formula for a steady flow over a weir to calculate the overtopping rate for a seawall on a horizontal base and gave a formula for calculating the overtopping rate per wave. Goda developed a diagram for calculating the expected overtopping rate for a seawall in the case of irregular waves. To understand wave action on seawalls during severe ocean conditions, it is often required to estimate the maximum overtopping rate per wave. Mainly, numerical calculations show that the dimensionless overtopping rate can be systematically explained by the relative crest level of the seawall, and reflection and wave overtopping of a wave are explained as co-occurrence phenomena.