Wavelength-Selective Switches for Mode-Division Multiplexing: Scaling and Performance Analysis

Ho, Keang-Po; Kahn, Joseph M.; Wilde, Jeffrey P.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2014.2355812

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…properties of the optical switches at the nodes of an SDM-based network [14]. For instance, strongly coupled MCFs or MMFs necessitate that all cores/modes be switched together as the information is in a mixed state, whereas, at the opposite extreme, the use of bundles of SMFs permits both independent and joint switching of the signals on each of the SMFs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Spatial and Spectral Granularity on the Performance of SDM Networks Based on Spatial Superchannel Switching

Shariati

Rivas-Moscoso

Marom

et al. 2017

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spatially integrated switching architectures have been recently investigated in an attempt to provide switching capability for networks based on spatial division multiplexing (SDM) fibers, as well as to reduce the implementation cost. These architectures rely on the following switching paradigms, furnishing different degrees of spectral and spatial switching granularity: independent switching (Ind-Sw), which offers full spatial-spectral flexibility; joint-switching (J-Sw), which treats all spatial modes as a single entity; and fractional-joint switching (FrJ-Sw), whereby subgroups of spatial modes are switched together as independent units. The last two paradigms are categorized as spatial group switching (SG-Sw) solutions since the spatial resources (modes, cores, or single-mode fibers) are switched in groups. In this paper, we compare the performance (in terms of spectral utilization, data occupancy, and network switching infrastructure cost) of the SDM switching paradigms listed above for varying spatial and spectral switching granularities in a network planning scenario. The spatial granularity is related to the grouping of the spatial resources, whereas the spectral granularity depends on the channel baud rate and the spectral resolution supported by wavelength selective switches (WSS). We consider two WSS technologies for handling of the SDM switching paradigms: 1) the current WSS realization, 2) WSS technology with a factor-two resolution improvement. Bundles of single-mode fibers are assumed across all links as a near-term SDM solution. Results show that the performance of all switching paradigms converge as the size of the traffic demands increases, but finer spatial and spectral granularity can lead to significant performance improvement for small traffic demands. Additionally, we demonstrate that spectral switching granularity must be adaptable with respect to the size of the traffic in order to have a globally optimum spectrum utilization in an SDM network. Finally, we calculate the number of required WSSs and their port count for each of the switching architectures under evaluation, and estimate the switching-related cost of an SDM network, assuming the current WSS realization as well as the improved resolution WSS technology.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Spatial and Spectral Granularity on the Performance of SDM Networks Based on Spatial Superchannel Switching

Shariati

Rivas-Moscoso

Marom

et al. 2017

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this paper we expand on the report of the first realization of a 1 × 9 WSS with direct integration of three mode fiber [ 10]. Other realizations have since been reported [ 11] and analyzed [ 12]. The optical design of our FMF-WSS, the source of mode dependent loss (MDL) and its increased sensitivity for multi-mode beams is identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The MDL at the channel transition from pass to block band is explained and identified as the limiting factor in determining the channel's useable bandwidth. The WSS analysis presented here is different than the one of [ 12] and more detailed, whereas [ 12] focuses more on switch scaling. Finally, data transmission experiments demonstrate the usefulness of the FMF-WSS for carrying SDM data through many network switching nodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength-selective switch with direct few mode fiber integration

Marom¹,

Dunayevsky²,

Sinefeld³

et al. 2015

Opt. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The first realization of a wavelength-selective switch (WSS) with direct integration of few mode fibers (FMF) is fully described. The free-space optics FMF-WSS dynamically steers spectral information-bearing beams containing three spatial modes from an input port to one of nine output ports using a phase spatial light modulator. Sources of mode dependent losses (MDL) are identified, analytically analyzed and experimentally confirmed on account of different modal sensitivities to fiber coupling in imperfect imaging and at spectral channel edges due to mode clipping. These performance impacting effects can be reduced by adhering to provided design guidelines, which scale in support of higher spatial mode counts. The effect on data transmission of cascaded passband filtering and MDL build-up is experimentally investigated in detail.

show abstract

“…We will not consider here the technical implementation of such functions. It should be however noted that some works in this area have been already published [18], [32], [33].…”

Section: Switches and A Switching Fabricmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wavelength Division Multipexing (WDM) is also often use to take advantage of fibers' capacity. Recently, a new multiplexing method which uses different modes in multimode fibers was proposed [15], [16], [17], [18]. It is called Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) and can be used separately on each wavelength of a WDM system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strict-sense nonblocking networks with three multiplexing and switching levels

Kabacinski

Kleban

Michalski

et al. 2015

2015 International Symposium on Networks, Computers and Communications (ISNCC)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in traffic characteristics impose new requirements on interconnection network in large data centers. These requirements force changes to be done in the network architecture and used technology. Traditional tree network topology is being replaced by Clos network, called also Leaf-Spine topology, and optical interconnection networks are added in parallel to conventional electronic switching networks. Circuit switching is also used in such network instead of packet switching. In this paper we analyze the three-stage Clos network in which three multiplexing schemes are used simultaneously on input, output, and interstage links and with circuit switching mode. Strict-sense nonblocking conditions for this network with three multiplexing levels (space, wavelength, and mode) are derived and proved. Up till now such network with at most two multiplexing levels (space and time, or space and wavelength) has been considered.

show abstract

Wavelength-Selective Switches for Mode-Division Multiplexing: Scaling and Performance Analysis

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Impact of Spatial and Spectral Granularity on the Performance of SDM Networks Based on Spatial Superchannel Switching

Impact of Spatial and Spectral Granularity on the Performance of SDM Networks Based on Spatial Superchannel Switching

Wavelength-selective switch with direct few mode fiber integration

Strict-sense nonblocking networks with three multiplexing and switching levels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About