Wavelength tunable VCSELs based on voltage-dependent birefringence of liquid crystal

Wang, Qiang; Guan, Baolu; Shi, Guo-Zhu; Liu, Xin; Guo, Xia; Guang-di, Shen

doi:10.1117/12.999415

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…At room temperature, the ordinary (n o ) and extraordinary (n e ) refractive indices of liquid crystal E7 are 1.51 and 1.73, respectively, which were measured by the multiwavelength Abbe refractometer [48] . With an increasing voltage, n e decreases and gradually approaches n o [49,50] . As a result, the birefringence of the liquid crystal tends to decrease with the voltage increase within a certain range [Fig.…”

Section: Tunable Edge State In the Slow-light Waveguidementioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable hexagonal boron nitride topological optical delay line in the visible region

Fei,

Wu,

Lin

et al. 2024

中国光学快报

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Tunability, ultracompact design, high group index, low loss, and broad bandwidth are desired properties for integrated optical delay lines (ODLs). However, those properties are challenging to achieve simultaneously in the visible region. This paper proposes a tunable hexagonal boron nitride topological optical delay line (ODL) in the visible region based on valley photonic crystals. The topological edge state from the beard-type boundary allows the achievement of an ultralow group velocity close to zero, which results in a large group index of 629 at 645 nm. Moreover, we demonstrate tuning of the slow-light wavelength and optical delay times with electrically tunable liquid crystals by applying external voltage. The device has an ultracompact size of 5 μm × 2.7 μm with an optical delay distance of 25a (a is the lattice constant) and a delay time of 12 ps. Our design can provide a new possibility for designing ODLs working in the visible region for optical communication and quantum computing systems.

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Section: Tunable Edge State In the Slow-light Waveguidementioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable hexagonal boron nitride topological optical delay line in the visible region

Fei,

Wu,

Lin

et al. 2024

中国光学快报

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“…Alternatively, a hole can be etched in the GaAs substrate, inside which the VCSEL structure is grown and the remaining volume is filled in with the LC. A separate substrate, with a 20 nm thick gold layer deposited on it, is put upside down on top of the first substrate, after which the substrates are waferbonded [17]. This way an external LC cavity of thickness L, localized between the top VCSEL DBR and the top golden mirror, is formed.…”

Section: Lc-vcsel Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it was shown theoretically [15] and experimentally [16] that these issues can be addressed by incorporating LC in a short external VCSEL cavity, which results in improved polarization-selectivity and reduced complexity of the design. Manufacturing process of such structure could be even more simplified by utilizing a two-wafer bonding method [17].…”

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confidence: 99%

Polarization- and Modal-Control in a Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser With an External-Cavity Formed by a Liquid Crystal Overlay

Frasunkiewicz

Czyszanowski

Thienpont

et al. 2016

J. Lightwave Technol.

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By utilizing a fully-vectorial three-dimensional coldcavity optical simulation, we analyze the spectral, polarization, and modal-losses behavior of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with a nematic liquid-crystal (LC) overlay. We identify phenomena responsible for mode and polarization selectivities and show how they can be controlled by varying design geometry parameters, such as LC thickness and oxide aperture diameter, or by electrooptically tuning the LC director. We present possibility of achieving voltage-controlled polarization switching of a fundamental mode or transverse mode switching within the same polarization. Furthermore, we show that it is theoretically possible to obtain improved single-mode operation by means of increased higher order transverse mode discrimination. Finally, we point out a way to destabilize the diode by equalizing the modal losses of all the analyzed modes.

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Wavelength tunable VCSELs based on voltage-dependent birefringence of liquid crystal

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Tunable hexagonal boron nitride topological optical delay line in the visible region

Tunable hexagonal boron nitride topological optical delay line in the visible region

Polarization- and Modal-Control in a Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser With an External-Cavity Formed by a Liquid Crystal Overlay

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