“…The end result is that the plasma is unstable to the generation of various waves which are often found in spacecraft observations. Examples include beam and loss cone driven whistler waves (Graham, Vaivads, et al., 2016; Uchino et al., 2017), electron holes (Farrell et al., 2002; Graham et al., 2015; Holmes et al., 2019), Langmuir waves (Vaivads et al., 2004; Wilder et al., 2016; Zhou et al., 2016), ion acoustic waves (Uchino et al., 2017), and electron acoustic waves (Ergun, Holmes, et al., 2016).…”