We Are All Victims: Questionable Content and Collective Victimisation in the Digital Age

Abstract

Traditionally, the idea of being a victim is associated with a crime, accident, trickery or being duped. With the advent of globalisation and rapid growth in the information technology sector, the world has opened itself to numerous vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities range from individual-centric privacy issues to collective interests in the form of a nation's political and economic interests. While we have victims who can identify themselves as victims, there are also victims who can barely identify themselves as victims, and there are those who do not realise that they have become victims. Misinformation, disinformation, fake news and other methods of spreading questionable content can be regarded as a new and increasingly widespread type of collective victimisation. This paper, drawing on recent examples from India, examines and analyses the rationale and modus operandi-both methods and typesthat lead us to regard questionable content as a new form of collective victimisation.

Crimes without a body: reflections on a case series of online crimes

“…In fact, the internet has given rise to new clinical disorders and crimes [ 37–39 ]. As illustrated by the cases described herein, the danger of becoming a perpetrator and/or victim of crimes appears to be extremely high in the context of new forms of collective violence and collective victimisation [ 40 ].…”

Identification of Implicit Collusion of Investors in Financial Markets by Text Mining Tools

“…The category of rumors, as already mentioned, is any unconfirmed information. Therefore, the formation of the basis for the analysis of this information flow for specific securities was taken from the corresponding section "Forum" on this site, where market participants have the opportunity to communicate and exchange information regarding the asset [16][17][18][19][20] .…”

Traditional social learning predicts cyber deviance? Exploring the offending versatility thesis in social learning theory

“…In China, each social media account requires real‐name authentication with a verified cellphone number. The closer surveillance of information on the Internet may create an environment where the certainty of punishment is much higher (Chang et al., 2021). Given the less cyber anonymity and greater online surveillance, it is worthwhile to examine to what extent traditional social learning and cyber‐specific social learning differentially predict online offending in the Chinese context.…”