Weak and strong hydrogen interactions on porous carbon materials in high-temperature systems

Lam, Stephen T.; Dolan, Kieran; Liu, Wenguan; Ballinger, R. G.; Forsberg, Charles W.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.03.036

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…6C ), pollutants form a single layer on the surface of the adsorbent material in the context of a monolayer adsorption process. 18 It proposes: (i) homogenous surface energy; 19 (ii) reversible adsorption process; and (iii) distinct, identical adsorption sites with no interaction between adsorbed molecules. 20 However, Langmuir isotherm have some limitations including: (i) in some cases it may not be able to describe real-world adsorption behaviour; and (ii) it does not account for multilayer adsorption, heterogeneous surfaces, or competitive adsorption between different pollutants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile synthesis of a magnetic molecularly-imprinted polymer adsorbent for solid-phase extraction of diclofenac from water

Dakhly,

Albohy,

Salman

et al. 2024

RSC Adv.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile synthesis of a magnetic molecularly-imprinted polymer adsorbent for solid-phase extraction of diclofenac from water

Dakhly,

Albohy,

Salman

et al. 2024

RSC Adv.

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“…7). Recent experimental work 46 at MIT has measured hydrogen solubility at 700°C for a variety of carbon forms as shown in Fig. 10.…”

Section: Vd1c Solid Adsorbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…V.D.1.c, the solubility of carbon adsorbents can be increased by an order of magnitude, significantly reducing the total radioactive release. 43,46 Using TRIDENT, a countercurrent carbon adsorption bed with carbon OVC 4 × 8 is simulated at different 7 Li concentrations in the 236-MW(thermal) prototypical FHR (Fig. 15).…”

Section: Ve Systems Design Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion Blankets and Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Reactors with Flibe Salt Coolant: Common Challenges, Tritium Control, and Opportunities for Synergistic Development Strategies Between Fission, Fusion, and Solar Salt Technologies

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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Recent developments in high-magnetic-field fusion systems have created large incentives to develop flibe (Li 2 BeF 4) salt fusion blankets that have four functions: (1) convert the high energy of fusion neutrons into heat for the power system, (2) convert lithium into tritium-the fusion fuel, (3) shield the magnets against radiation, and (4) cool the first wall that separates the plasma from the salt blanket. Flibe is the same coolant proposed for fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactors that use clean flibe coolant and graphite-matrix coated-particle fuel. Flibe is also the coolant proposed for some molten salt reactors (MSRs) where the fuel is dissolved in the coolant. The multiple applications for flibe as a coolant create large incentives for cooperative fusion-fission programs for development of the underlying science, design tools, technology (pumps, instrumentation, salt purification, materials, tritium removal, etc.), and supply chains. Other high-temperature molten salts are being developed for alternative MSR systems and for advanced Gen-III concentrated solar power (CSP) systems. The overlapping characteristics of flibe salt with these other salt systems create significant incentives for cooperative fusion-fission-solar programs in multiple areas. We describe the fission and fusion flibe-cooled systems, what has created this synergism, what is different and the same between fission and fusion in terms of using flibe, and the common challenges. We review (1) the characteristics of flibe salts, (2) the status of the technology, (3) the options for tritium capture and control in the salt, heat exchangers, and secondary heat transfer loops, and (4) the coupling to power cycles with heat storage. The technology overlap between flibe systems and other high-temperature MSR and CSP salt systems is described. This defines where there are opportunities for cooperative programs across fission, fusion, and CSP salt programs.

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“…First, various forms of carbon are used in industry to selectively remove impurities from gas and liquid streams including organics and inorganics. Second, recent work 21 on understanding the mechanisms of tritium removal has begun to couple the structure of the pore structure of the carbon to its efficiency in tritium removal. This enables developing carbons for tritium removal but also raises the question of whether we can modify the carbon for removal of other classes of fission products.…”

Section: Iiie In Situ Coolant Cleanup (Tritium Noble Metals Other)mentioning

confidence: 99%

FHR, HTGR, and MSR Pebble-Bed Reactors with Multiple Pebble Sizes for Fuel Management and Coolant Cleanup

Forsberg

Peterson

2019

Nuclear Technology

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Three reactor types can be designed with pebbles (carbon spheres) as the reactor core: the pebblebed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (PB-HTGR), the pebble-bed fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactor (PB-FHR), and the thermal-spectrum molten salt reactor (MSR) with fuel dissolved in coolant. In the HTGR and FHR, the pebbles are fuel (coated-particle fuel) and moderator (graphite). In a MSR the pebbles would be the moderator (no fuel). Recent advances enable prediction and modeling of pebble beds with two or more sizes of pebbles. This may enable the use of pebble beds with multiple size pebbles that create new options. A second smaller size of HTGR/FHR fuel pebble that fills some of the space between the regular pebbles can increase the power output for the same size reactor. For the FHR the second pebble size would reduce inventory of expensive coolant and may widen choices of salt coolants. In an HTGR or FHR, smaller pebbles with high actinide loadings and high heat transfer rates could be used to burn actinides while the larger pebbles are the driver fuel. Multiple pebble sizes in MSRs may enable varying the carbon-to-fuel ratio to optimize the neutron spectrum over time to more efficiently utilize the fuel and allow easy replacement of moderator. The smaller pebbles with no fuel and a high surface-to-volume ratio could be designed to remove (1) HTGR/FHR/MSR tritium from the coolant and (2) noble metal fission products and potentially other impurities in MSRs. We examine the potential incentives for pebble beds with multiple size pebbles. With the tools now available to quantify pebble-bed behavior with multiple size pebbles, the next step is to begin to quantify benefits and limitations for different applications of pebble-bed reactors with multiple sizes of pebbles. Keywords-Fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactor, molten salt reactor, high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, pebble-bed reactor. Note-Some figures may be in color only in the electronic version.

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Weak and strong hydrogen interactions on porous carbon materials in high-temperature systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Facile synthesis of a magnetic molecularly-imprinted polymer adsorbent for solid-phase extraction of diclofenac from water

Facile synthesis of a magnetic molecularly-imprinted polymer adsorbent for solid-phase extraction of diclofenac from water

Fusion Blankets and Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Reactors with Flibe Salt Coolant: Common Challenges, Tritium Control, and Opportunities for Synergistic Development Strategies Between Fission, Fusion, and Solar Salt Technologies

FHR, HTGR, and MSR Pebble-Bed Reactors with Multiple Pebble Sizes for Fuel Management and Coolant Cleanup

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