“…The form-factor challenges in compatible sensor-biology interfaces include mechanical robustness of nano-/microfabricated materials and devices, unaltered sensing performance, and reliable system integration between system components and with biological tissues. Innovations in device structural design, system layout and operation, and materials manufacture will bring about more effective solutions to these challenges and form factors that are presently rare (e.g., mask, 130,256,656,657 suture, 658 or bandage 563 ). Importantly, to design and to engineer materials and form factors that allow seamless integration with biological tissues, it is essential to understand in detail and in depth the anatomy, physiology, material properties, biological functions, etc.…”