Weight gain and menstrual abnormalities between users of Depo-provera and Noristerat

Abstract

Background: Progesterone only injectable contraceptive provides long acting contraception against unwanted pregnancy. Alterations in menstrual pattern are a well known side effect of this effective contraceptive method. Objective of this study was to compare the weight gain and pattern of menstrual abnormalities in users of Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) and Norethisterone Enanthate (Noristerat) in LASUTH.Methods: Retrospective comparative study conducted over a 3year period (January 2013 to December 2015) and involving 237 subjects who used injectable hormonal contraceptive (either DMPA or Noristerat). Case records of all the subjects were retrieved and information obtained on socio-demographic data, parity, previous contraceptive method and reason for discontinuation within one year of usage. Other information including subjects’ weight, menstrual cycle length and pattern, and side effects were collected at 3, 6 and 12 months for DMPA group and 2, 4 and 12 months interval for Noristerat group. Data obtained were analyzed using statistical packages for social sciences (version 19).Results: The combined mean age was 34.15±1.36 years. The mean weight at commencement was 68.16kg for DMPA and 66.61kg for Noristerat users while after a year, it significantly increased to 71.27kg for DMPA and 69.07kg for Noristerat users (P<0.05). No change in menstrual pattern was noted in 10% of DMPA and 7% of Noristerat users while 60% of DMPA and 57% of Noristerat had amenorrhoea by the end one year period. Five percent each of DMPA and Noristerat users perceived weight gain as problem significant enough to discontinue both methods respectively. Overall, 24% of DMPA and 19.1% of Noristerat users discontinued use after one year.Conclusions: There were significant weight gain between users of DMPA and Noristerat which was not considered a problem. Amenorrhoea was the commonest menstrual abnormality responsible for discontinuation of either method.

Progesterone Only Injectable Contraceptives: A Five Year Review of Side Effects and Discontinuation Rate in a Teaching Hospital in Niger Delta, Nigeria

“…This is comparable to 15.35% and 15.7% reported fromPort-Harcourt and Uyo [15,16] but higher than 12.6% and 14.2% reported in Ife and Jos [17,18]. However the study prevalence was lower than 26%, 45.17%, 23.3% and 21.55% reported from other parts of the country such as Isagamu, Port Harcourt, Calabar and Lagos [6,[19][20][21]. These variations noted in various regions of Nigeria could be as a result of sociocultural and religious beliefs as well as clients perception of the type of contraceptive [20].…”

“…The weight gain may be due to improved appetite leading to increase in food intake. The injectables have also been found to cause slight water retention contributing to this weight gain [21].…”

Depo Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA): Long-Term Effects on Menstrual Cycle Disorders

“…Some mothers also chose to drop out when experiencing this problem. The results of the study also stated that most mothers experienced menstrual cycle disorders, namely amenorrhea 6,11 . Therefore researchers are interested in seeing how "The Infl uence of Old Use of Depo Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) on Menstrual Cycle Disorders at RSIA Masyita Makassar".…”

“…With the mechanism evoked by the two hormones above against endometrial cells, this study showed that the use of DMPA which only contains progestin hormones can affect the endometrium and bleeding that occurs in the endometrium with the emergence of various complaints of menstrual disorders experienced by DMPA acceptors after more than 1 year of use. 15 The study entitled Weight gain and menstrual abnormalities between Depoprovera and Noristerat users 11 . This study used the following methods: A retrospective comparative study conducted over 3 years and involving 237 subjects who saw comparators using injectable hormonal contraceptives (DMPA or Noristerat).…”

Evaluation of subdermal implants among family planning acceptors in a tertiary hospital, Nigeria

“…The weight gain may be due to improved appetite leading to increase in food intake. The injectables have also been found to cause slight water retention contributing to this weight gain [19]. About 50-60% of implants users have been documented to report irregular vaginal bleeding patterns during the first year of use; however, it resolves spontaneously in subsequent years of use [20].…”