Weight loss technology for people with treated type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

BackgroundThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing in worldwide despite the development of new treatment methods. Aim of the study was to evaluate a weight loss method on body composition, glycemic, lipid and hormone profiles, blood pressure and reactive oxygen species in people with treated type 2 diabetes.MethodsA 24-week open, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial including 272 adult patients with treated type 2 diabetes was performed. The patients were divided in two groups: Main group consisted of 208 patients who followed a method including a calorie restriction diet and optimal physical activity; Control included 64 patients who received conventional drug treatment with weight loss. Main Outcome Measures were weight loss, fasting glucose and 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), HbA1c. Secondary endpoints were blood pressure, lipid and insulin blood levels.ResultsAt 24 weeks, patients in Main weight lost between 8-18 kg (10–21%); their body mass index significantly decreased (-4.2 kg/m2) as well as their waist circumference (-13 cm) compared to Control. In Main weight loss was achieved fatty mass reduction. In Main fasting glucose and OGTT, HbA1c, blood pressure, reactive oxygen species decreased significantly, whereas hemoglobin levels and heel bone mineral density increased. In Main blood insulin levels decreased by 72.0%, cortisol levels decreased by 40.7%, while testosterone levels in men increased by 2.4 times from baseline. The application of the weight loss method led to a decrease in drug doses leading to their complete withdrawal.ConclusionsThe results of this study show the beneficial role of a weight loss method in improving glycemic, lipid and hormone profiles, electrolyte and biochemical indices, blood pressure, reactive oxygen species and bone mineral density in patients with treated type 2 diabetes.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02503865. Retrospectively registered November 2015.

Overweight Effects on Metabolic Rate, Chronic Diseases, Time Perception, Aging, and Lifespan: a Systematic Review

“…Endogenous lipolysis provides the body with nutrients, vitamins, trace elements. [61,62] Endogenous lipolysis starts only after ending of carbohydrate store, after 4-5 days of restriction diet. [73] Having a single meal per workday (usually after workhours) could be one of the modes to prevent weight regain.…”

Psychophysiological Status and Life Quality in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome Living in Central Kazakhstan

“…In Kazakhstan, the MetS is prevalent in 25% of the adult population [25]. Based on type I error (α=5%), the required sample size (n) should be equal:…”

“…According to the authors of diagnostics and management of MetS in the Republic of Kazakhstan, MetS diagnostics criteria should be the same as the European Standards. Studies in Kazakhstan show that the waist circumference (WC) measurement reflects mostly the degree of insulin resistance in patients [25], [26]. By the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria [27] and experts of the Russian Scientific Society of Cardiology on the diagnosis and treatment of MetS [4], MetS was defined as the combination of WC ≥ 80 cm in women and ≥94 cm in men with two and more risk factors (triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/l, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol <1.2 in women, HDL cholesterol < 1.0 mmol/l in men, fasting plasma glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/l, BP ≥ 130/85 mm Hg, or taking antihypertensive medication).…”

Overweight Effects on Metabolic Rate, Chronic Diseases, Time Perception, Aging, and Lifespan: a Systematic Review

“…Weightloss recovers from a lot of chronic diseases such as hypertension, gastric ulcer, psoriasis, diabetes, bronchial asthma, neoplasms, urolithiasis, gallstone disease, and etc. (13,(58)(59)(60)(61) Overeating at overweight deteriorates digestive; leads to malnutrition, metabolic intoxication, and immune stress. (62) Alimentary energy is energy expenditure for food intake, digestive, absorption, transport, storage, and eliminating.…”