WGCNA Analysis of Important Modules and Hub Genes of Compound Probiotics Regulating Lipid Metabolism in Heat-Stressed Broilers

Zhang, Lihuan; Li, Xuan; Jia, Hao

doi:10.3390/ani12192644

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…FKBP10 is a member of the FK113 binding protein gene family and is involved in many functions, including protein folding and repair in response to heat stress, which is necessary to maintain natural peptides and prevent protein aggregation ( Akbarzadeh et al, 2018 ). Our previous research found that heat stress can affect lipid metabolism and increase cholesterol content in broilers ( Zhang L. et al, 2022 ). Studies have found that LBP (lipopolysaccharide binding protein) has been used as an indicator of the impairment of intestinal barrier function, and its level can reflect the degree of intestinal leakage ( Vancamelbeke and Vermeire, 2017 ; Wu et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat stress exposure cause alterations in intestinal microbiota, transcriptome, and metabolome of broilers

Liu,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionHeat stress can affect the production of poultry through complex interactions between genes, metabolites and microorganisms. At present, it is unclear how heat stress affects genetic, metabolic and microbial changes in poultry, as well as the complex interactions between them.MethodsThus, at 28 days of age a total of 200 Arbor Acres broilers with similar body weights were randomly divided into the control (CON) and heat stress treatment (HS). There were 5 replicates in CON and HS, respectively, 20 per replication. From the 28–42 days, the HS was kept at 31 ± 1°C (9:00–17:00, 8 h) and other time was maintained at 21 ± 1°C as in the CON. At the 42nd day experiment, we calculated the growth performance (n = 8) of broilers and collected 3 and 6 cecal tissues for transcriptomic and metabolomic investigation and 4 cecal contents for metagenomic investigation of each treatment.Results and discussionThe results indicate that heat stress significantly reduced the average daily gain and body weight of broilers (value of p < 0.05). Transcriptome KEGG enrichment showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in the NF-kB signaling pathway. Metabolomics results showed that KEGG enrichment showed that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the mTOR signaling pathway. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing results indicated that heat stress increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes. Multi-omics analysis showed that the co-participating pathway of differential genes, metabolites and microorganisms KEGG enrichment was purine metabolism. Pearson correlation analysis found that ornithine was positively correlated with SULT1C3, GSTT1L and g_Lactobacillus, and negatively correlated with CALB1. PE was negatively correlated with CALB1 and CHAC1, and positively with g_Alistipes. In conclusion, heat stress can generate large amounts of reactive oxygen and increase the types of harmful bacteria, reduce intestinal nutrient absorption and antioxidant capacity, and thereby damage intestinal health and immune function, and reduce growth performance indicators. This biological process is manifested in the complex regulation, providing a foundational theoretical basis for solving the problem of heat stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat stress exposure cause alterations in intestinal microbiota, transcriptome, and metabolome of broilers

Liu,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Some studies show that LAB could significantly improve lipid metabolism and fat deposition ( Cho et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2023 ). Zhang et al (2022) report that LAB have an effect on production performance, lipid metabolism, and meat quality in heat–stressed broilers. Previous studies have shown that LAB can increase the bacterial phylogenetic diversity in the gut of mice ( Usui et al, 2018 ) and weaning piglets ( Zhao et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactococcus G423 improve growth performance and lipid metabolism of broilers through modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites

Wang,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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This study aimed to explore whether Lactococcus G423 could improve growth performance and lipid metabolism of broilers by the modulation of gut microbiota and metabolites. A total of 640 1-day-old AA broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups [Control (CON), Lac_L, Lac_H, and ABX]. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), breast muscle, thigh muscle, and abdominal fat pad were removed and weighed at 42 days of age. Serum was obtained by centrifuging blood sample from jugular vein (10 mL) for determining high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride (TG) using ELISA. The ileal contents were harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen for 16S rRNA and LC–MS analyses. Then, the results of 16S rRNA analysis were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Compared with the CON group, FCR significantly decreased in the Lac_H group (p < 0.05) in 1–21 days; ADG significantly increased and FCR significantly decreased in the Lac_H group (p < 0.05) in 22–42 days. 42 days weight body and ADG significantly increased in the Lac_H group (p < 0.05) in 42 days. Abdominal fat percentage was significantly decreased by Lactococcus G423 (p < 0.05), the high dose of Lactococcus G423 significantly decreased the serum of TG, TC, and LDL level (p < 0.05), and the low dose of Lactococcus G423 significantly decreased the serum of TG and TC level (p < 0.05). A significant difference in microbial diversity was found among the four groups. Compared with the CON group, the abundance rates of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus in the Lac_H group were significantly increased (p < 0.05). The global and overview maps and membrane transport in the Lac_L, Lac_H, and ABX groups significantly changed versus those in the CON group (p < 0.05). The results of LC–MS demonstrated that Lactococcus could significantly improve the levels of some metabolites (6-hydroxy-5-methoxyindole glucuronide, 9,10-DiHOME, N-Acetyl-l-phenylalanine, and kynurenine), and these metabolites were involved in four metabolic pathways. Among them, the pathways of linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and pentose and glucuronate interconversions significantly changed (p < 0.05). Lactococcus G423 could ameliorate growth performance and lipid metabolism of broilers by the modulation of gut microbiota and metabolites.

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“…Instead of focusing on a single gene, WGCNA intends to extract hub genes from co-expression networks to preferably investigate the biological regulations. Recently, WGCNA method was popularly applied, and mounting genes were found to participate in various lipid related processes, including obesity, adipogenic differentiation of stem cell, polyunsaturated fatty acid ( Han et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2021 ; Xiao et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ). Although the study on gene profiles in subcutaneous adipose tissue at four developmental stages in Ningxiang pigs has been reported ( Gong et al, 2021 ), the underlying molecular mechanism of subcutaneous adipose tissue development in different periods is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of crucial modules and genes associated with backfat tissue development by WGCNA in Ningxiang pigs

Chen,

Ren,

et al. 2023

Front. Genet.

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Fat deposition is an economically important trait in pigs. Ningxiang pig, one of the four famous indigenous breeds in China, is characterized by high fat content. The underlying gene expression pattern in different developmental periods of backfat tissue remains unclear, and the purpose of this investigation is to explore the potential molecular regulators of backfat tissue development in Ningxiang pigs. Backfat tissue (three samples for each stage) was initially collected from different developmental stages (60, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 days after birth), and histological analysis and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were then conducted. Fragments per kilobase of transcript per million (FPKM) method was used to qualify gene expressions, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Furthermore, strongly co-expressed genes in modules, which were named by color, were clustered by Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on dynamic tree cutting algorithm. Gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment were subsequently implemented, and hub genes were described in each module. Finally, QPCR analysis was employed to validate RNA-seq data. The results showed that adipocyte area increased and adipocyte number decreased with development of backfat tissue. A total of 1,024 DEGs were identified in five comparison groups (120 days vs. 60 days, 180 days vs. 120 days, 240 days vs. 180 days, 300 days vs. 240 days, and 360 days vs. 300 days). The turquoise, red, pink, paleturquoise, darkorange, and darkgreen module had the highest correlation coefficient with 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 days developmental stage, while the tan, black and turquoise module had strong relationship with backfat thickness, adipocyte area, and adipocyte number, respectively. Thirteen hub genes (ACSL1, ACOX1, FN1, DCN, CHST13, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL6A3, COL5A1, COL14A1, OAZ3, DNM1, and SELP) were recognized. ACSL1 and ACOX1 might perform function in the early developmental stage of backfat tissue (60 days), and FN1, DCN, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL5A1, COL6A3, and COL14A1 have unignorable position in backfat tissue around 120 days developmental stage. Besides, hub genes SELP and DNM1 in modules significantly associated with backfat thickness and adipocyte area might be involved in the process of backfat tissue development. These findings contribute to understand the integrated mechanism underlying backfat tissue development and promote the progress of genetic improvement in Ningxiang pigs.

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WGCNA Analysis of Important Modules and Hub Genes of Compound Probiotics Regulating Lipid Metabolism in Heat-Stressed Broilers

Cited by 8 publications

References 64 publications

Heat stress exposure cause alterations in intestinal microbiota, transcriptome, and metabolome of broilers

Heat stress exposure cause alterations in intestinal microbiota, transcriptome, and metabolome of broilers

Lactococcus G423 improve growth performance and lipid metabolism of broilers through modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites

Identification of crucial modules and genes associated with backfat tissue development by WGCNA in Ningxiang pigs

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