What did we learn from multiple omics studies in asthma?

Abstract

More than a decade has passed since the finalization of the Human Genome Project.Omics technologies made a huge leap from trendy and very expensive to routinely executed and relatively cheap assays. Simultaneously, we understood that omics is not a panacea for every problem in the area of human health and personalized medicine. Whilst in some areas of research omics showed immediate results, in other fields, including asthma, it only allowed us to identify the incredibly complicated molecular processes. Along with their possibilities, omics technologies also bring many issues connected to sample collection, analyses and interpretation. It is often impossible to separate the intrinsic imperfection of omics from asthma heterogeneity. Still, many insights and directions from applied omics were acquired-presumable phenotypic clusters of patients, plausible biomarkers and potential pathways involved.Omics technologies develop rapidly, bringing improvements also to asthma research. These improvements, together with our growing understanding of asthma subphenotypes and underlying cellular processes, will likely play a role in asthma management strategies.

Biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of therapy responses in allergic diseases and asthma

“…In conclusion, despite substantial progress in our understanding, applicable biomarkers and targeted treatment options for Type 2 asthma, further characterization of molecular pathways by omics technologies, 49–51 sophisticated imaging 52 and innovative anatomical approaches 53 should help to further unravel the complexity of asthma and to define reliable (composite) biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for patients nonresponsive to currently available (targeted) treatment options including non‐Type 2 asthma.…”

Advances and recent developments in asthma in 2020

“…Ivanova et al reviewed the role of “omics” technologies in asthma 127 . Although omics data studies have several limitations, usually due to limited sample size and the complexity of the data and all its interactions, different insights were acquired.…”

Progress in understanding hypersensitivity reactions to nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs

“…194 The metabolome, the whole set of metabolites of a biological sample, is the ultimate downstream result of genes, transcription and translation. [196][197][198][199] Metabolomics has been successfully used in predicting ASA therapy resistance 200 and has permitted to explain non-COX-1-mediated variability in response to low ASA doses. 201 In an intervention study with diclofenac on overweight men, metabolomics provided new insights on plasma metabolites, leading to a network of markers responding to inflammatory modulation.…”

“…The metabolome, the whole set of metabolites of a biological sample, is the ultimate downstream result of genes, transcription and translation . Metabolomics has been successfully used in predicting ASA therapy resistance and has permitted to explain non‐COX‐1‐mediated variability in response to low ASA doses .…”