What Do We Know About and What Could Be the Strategy Adopted to Treat Mucormycosis on Post-COVID-19 Cases? Is It an Adjuvant Nanomaterial?

Abstract

Unfortunately, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a significant public health issue worldwide, mainly in the USA, India and Brazil. The 2nd wave of COVID-19 has reached India first. The country has been making great effort to stabilize its current condition but, unfortunately, mucormycosis infection (or black fungus) associated with COVID-19 has emerged as another threat to the country and, most likely, to Brazil. It may have happened due to excessive glucocorticoid using, since the widespread administration of this drug can lead to secondary fungal infections. Mucormycosis is generated by a group of molds called mucormycetes; it is a rare, although likely fatal, contamination when patients are not properly treated. The concerning factor lies on the fact that the high COVID-19 incidence recorded in the first wave of it has increased even faster in its second wave in India; there have been some concerning cases in Brazil, as well. The current overview addresses the current therapies used to treat mucormycosis worldwide, as well as potential and new drugs for such a specific treatment. Anti-mucormycosis adjuvants and nanomaterials are the most interesting alternatives to treat patients with post-COVID-19 mucormycosis.

Violacein and its antifungal activity: comments and potentialities

“…It is clear that violacein has a positive effect in combating different fungal species and that it is highly likely to act in synergy with different antifungal drugs. It is known that fluconazole was used either in Candida auris (Nakazato et al 2021a) or mucormycosis (Nakazato et al 2021b) in acute infection, in COVID-19 cases. It accounted for different outcomes, and several fungal species have already developed widespread resistance to this drug (Tortorano et al 2021).…”