What does Atlantic Forest soundscapes can tell us about landscape?

Scarpelli, Marina D. A.; Ribeiro, Milton Cézar; Teixeira, Camila Palhares

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107050

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The application of acoustic indices beyond the representation of species richness and abundance led studies to focus mainly on higher taxonomic levels (e.g. birds, anurans, insects) and to describe their temporal activity patterns (Phillips, Towsey & Roe, 2018 ) and their variation among habitats (Scarpelli, Ribeiro & Teixeira, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic indices as proxies for biodiversity: a meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

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As biodiversity decreases worldwide, the development of effective techniques to track changes in ecological communities becomes an urgent challenge. Together with other emerging methods in ecology, acoustic indices are increasingly being used as novel tools for rapid biodiversity assessment. These indices are based on mathematical formulae that summarise the acoustic features of audio samples, with the aim of extracting meaningful ecological information from soundscapes. However, the application of this automated method has revealed conflicting results across the literature, with conceptual and empirical controversies regarding its primary assumption: a correlation between acoustic and biological diversity. After more than a decade of research, we still lack a statistically informed synthesis of the power of acoustic indices that elucidates whether they effectively function as proxies for biological diversity. Here, we reviewed studies testing the relationship between diversity metrics (species abundance, species richness, species diversity, abundance of sounds, and diversity of sounds) and the 11 most commonly used acoustic indices. From 34 studies, we extracted 364 effect sizes that quantified the magnitude of the direct link between acoustic and biological estimates and conducted a meta-analysis. Overall, acoustic indices had a moderate positive relationship with the diversity metrics (r = 0.33, CI [0.23, 0.43]), and showed an inconsistent performance, with highly variable effect sizes both within and among studies. Over time, studies have been increasingly disregarding the validation of the acoustic estimates and those examining this link have been progressively reporting smaller effect sizes. Some of the studied indices [acoustic entropy index (H), normalised difference soundscape index (NDSI), and acoustic complexity index (ACI)] performed better in retrieving biological information, with abundance of sounds (number of sounds from identified or unidentified species) being the best estimated diversity facet of local communities. We found no effect of the type of monitored environment (terrestrial versus aquatic) and the procedure for extracting biological information (acoustic versus non-acoustic) on the performance of acoustic indices, suggesting certain potential to generalise their application across research contexts. We also identified common statistical issues and knowledge gaps that remain to be addressed in future research, such as a high rate of pseudoreplication and multiple unexplored combinations of metrics, taxa, and regions. Our findings confirm the limitations of acoustic indices to efficiently quantify alpha biodiversity and highlight that caution is necessary when using them as surrogates of diversity metrics, especially if employed as single predictors. Although these tools are able partially to capture changes in diversity metrics, endorsing to some extent the rationale behind acoustic indices and suggesting them as promising bases for future developments, they are far from being direct pr...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic indices as proxies for biodiversity: a meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

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“…For example, Sangermano (2022) found that anthropogenic pressure variables (artificial illumination, traffic noise) and habitat structure (connectivity, per cent of tree cover) influenced significantly the ACI values at scales varying from 1 to 2 km (the buffer sizes considered in her study). In the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, it was found a significant association of ACI with landscape structure only on a small scale (100‐m buffer size) and a large scale (2‐km buffer size; Scarpelli et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic communities in an environmental gradient from native to urban areas in Central Brazil

Araujo,

Machado

2023

Austral Ecology

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As urban areas expand due to increasing human populations, natural habitats are diminishing in quantity and quality. We conducted a study to examine the response of diurnal acoustic communities along a gradient of environments, ranging from native to dense urban areas. We hypothesized that acoustic indices would decline with urbanization, transitioning from natural and rural areas to urban environments. We conducted the research in and around Brasília, Central Brazil. We deployed 24 digital recorders in native, rural, low‐density and high‐density urban areas. We employed five commonly used acoustic indices (ADI, ACI, NDSI, H and BI) to characterize the acoustic communities and represent the existing biodiversity numerically. We initially compared the index values across different land use types using a non‐parametric rank sum test. Subsequently, we selected eight landscape metrics and performed a principal component analysis to summarize the surrounding matrix at each sampling point. We then employed generalized linear models to determine if the acoustic indices exhibited the anticipated variations. The results indicated significant variations in all indices among the different land use types, indicating their responsiveness to distinct acoustic communities and environmental characteristics. ADI, H and NDSI exhibited declining values from native to urban areas, while ACI and BI displayed the opposite trend. These findings underscore the influence of landscape structure on acoustic indices. Consequently, we concluded that adopting appropriate landscape planning, mainly through integrating natural and urban areas, could help preserve biodiversity in tropical urban regions.

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“…1). Forest cover data for each landscape consisted of buffers at scales of 100m, 200m, 500m, 1km and 2km radius, arbitrarily chosen based on the theory of sound transmission in different environments (Farina et al 2011;Scarpelli et al 2021). For this study, we used only data from the 2 km radius scale, relying on previous evidence from multiscale analysis of bird responses to landscape structure (Barros et al 2019a;Adorno et al 2021).…”

Section: Selection Of Landscapesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest cover and environmental type shape functional diversity of insectivorous birds within the Atlantic Forest

Manzoli

Gaspar

Melo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Arthropod-eating birds are a heterogeneous group, with different levels of environmental sensitivity and diverse responses to habitat degradation. In this paper, we tested the effects of landscape on the functional diversity of insectivorous birds within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We predict that (I) species composition and functional diversity are shaped by turnover and nestedness across different habitats, and (II) the gradient of forest cover has a positive effect on bird species composition and functional diversity. We used data from 22 landscapes of the Atlantic Forest in the Cantareira-Mantiqueira region (Brazil), within buffers of 1 km radius, surrogating three types of environments (i.e., forests, pastures, and swamps). The components of β-functional diversity were calculated using the beta pair and beta multi-function for each type of environment, and the effects of the forest cover gradient and environment type were tested using linear models and GLMM, respectively. Our results showed that the forest cover gradient and the type of environment had a negative effect on the indices of functional diversity, contrary to our expectations. Pasturelands and marshes were susceptible to turnover and nestedness, respectively. The beta diversity of forests was influenced by both species nestedness and turnover. The regional native forest fragments are generally small-sized, and in early successional stages, which could explain the patterns we found. The presence of secondary forests may have affected the expected pattern of functional diversity, therefore, caution is needed when interpreting this, since the way in which compensatory dynamics may not involve real functional compensation.

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What does Atlantic Forest soundscapes can tell us about landscape?

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Acoustic indices as proxies for biodiversity: a meta‐analysis

Acoustic indices as proxies for biodiversity: a meta‐analysis

Acoustic communities in an environmental gradient from native to urban areas in Central Brazil

Forest cover and environmental type shape functional diversity of insectivorous birds within the Atlantic Forest

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