What Does Rimonabant Do in Rat Primary Skeletal Muscle Cells?

Haddad, Mansour

doi:10.13005/bpj/455

Cited by 6 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…This is in line with a previous study that also found that CB1 receptor was found to be expressed in skeletal muscle. 11 , 12 , 33…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 46 Therefore, it is suggested in the future studies to try higher concentration and shorter time scale, in particular insulin is considered as an important hormone affected by inflammation and/or crosstalk with cannabinoid receptors in terms of biological and metabolic functions. 11 , 12 Of note, the mechanism which is proposed on how cannabinoid CB1 receptor is regulated IL-6 might be through direct regulation (Gi-cAMP-PKA), 27 or through indirect regulation of Akt via a Gi/PI3K–Akt/NF-kB pathway, 28 or via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, 47 although further studies are required to explore these suggested mechanisms. It can be noted that the levels of mRNA could be a reflection of turnover and signalling protein transcription, although this might be happened at different time frame.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10] Cannabinoid possibly plays many essential functions in physiological processes such as glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. 11,12 As of now, nothing is known about the pharmacology and biological function(s) of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor. 11,13 Cannabinoid has recently been shown to have a considerable effect on inflammation in response to diverse stressors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 Targeting components, specifically the CB1 receptor, may aid in developing possible treatments for people with inflammatory diseases and related disorders, including insulin resistance in type II diabetes. 12 Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of disorders involving skeletal muscle failure. 16 Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an inflammatory cytokine and mediator that affects immune and nonimmuno-regulation in a variety of cell types and tissues outside of the immune system, including skeletal muscle tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of CB1 Receptor on Inflammation in Skeletal Muscle Cells

Haddad

2021

JIR

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Background Various factors trigger the inflammatory response and cytokine activation in skeletal muscle. Inflamed muscle will exhibit significant levels of inflammation and cytokine activity. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, exerts pleiotropic effects on skeletal muscle. Endocannabinoid produced by all cell types binds to a class of G protein-coupled receptors, in particular cannabinoid CB1 receptors, to induce skeletal muscle actions. Objective The purpose of this research was to discover whether activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors in L6 skeletal muscle cells may promote IL-6 gene expression. Materials and Methods L6 skeletal muscle cells were cultured in 25 cm 2 flasks and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (probe-based) utilised to quantify IL-6 gene expression levels among different treatment settings. Results Arachidonyl-2ʹ-chloroethylamide (ACEA) 10 nM, a persistent selective CB1 receptor agonist, promotes IL-6 gene expression in a time-dependent manner. Rimonabant 100 nM, a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, blocks the impact of ACEA. However, insulin does not change IL-6 gene expression. Conclusion For the first time, a unique link between ACEA and IL-6 up-regulation has been established; IL-6 up-regulation generated by ACEA is mediated in skeletal muscle through cannabinoid CB1 receptor activation. As a result, cannabinoid CB1 receptors may be useful pharmaceutical targets in the treatment of inflammation and related disorders in skeletal muscle tissues.

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“…This is in line with a previous study that also found that CB1 receptor was found to be expressed in skeletal muscle. 11 , 12 , 33…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of CB1 Receptor on Inflammation in Skeletal Muscle Cells

Haddad

2021

JIR

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Molecular networks underlying cannabinoid signaling in skeletal muscle plasticity

Dalle

Schouten

Meeus

et al. 2022

Journal Cellular Physiology

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The cannabinoid system is ubiquitously present and is classically considered to engage in neural and immunity processes. Yet, the role of the cannabinoid system in the whole body and tissue metabolism via central and peripheral mechanisms is increasingly recognized. The present review provides insights in (i) how cannabinoid signaling is regulated via receptor-independent and -dependent mechanisms and (ii) how these signaling cascades (might) affect skeletal muscle plasticity and physiology.Receptor-independent mechanisms include endocannabinoid metabolism to eicosanoids and the regulation of ion channels. Alternatively, endocannabinoids can act as ligands for different classic (cannabinoid receptor 1 [CB 1 ], CB 2 ) and/or alternative (e.g., TRPV1, GPR55) cannabinoid receptors with a unique affinity, specificity, and intracellular signaling cascade (often tissue-specific). Antagonism of CB 1 might hold clues to improve oxidative (mitochondrial) metabolism, insulin sensitivity, satellite cell growth, and muscle anabolism, whereas CB 2 agonism might be a promising way to stimulate muscle metabolism and muscle cell growth. Besides, CB 2 ameliorates muscle regeneration via macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, induction of MyoD and myogenin expression and antifibrotic mechanisms. Also TRPV1 and GPR55 contribute to the regulation of muscle growth and metabolism. Future studies should reveal how the cannabinoid system can be targeted to improve muscle quantity and/or quality in conditions such as ageing, disease, disuse, and metabolic dysregulation, taking into account challenges that are inherent to modulation of the cannabinoid system, such as central and peripheral side effects.

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