What Factors Affect the Entrepreneurial Intention to Start-Ups? The Role of Entrepreneurial Skills, Propensity to Take Risks, and Innovativeness in Open Business Models

Abstract

Start-ups are launched every day, and most of them will fail at the same pace. Worldwide unemployment has become a major concern due to the geometric increase in the population. However, job opportunities are not created at the same pace as the overall population, and jobless people are becoming a burden on the economy. This situation led to introduce a system that helps people become self-employed and gives dignity to their lives. Prior studies reported that many factors could motivate an individual to pursue entrepreneurial projects. However, there is still a gap in identifying a path that promotes entrepreneurial intention among young graduates. Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to determine the effect of self-motivation, family support, peer influence, and institutional support on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial skills, propensity to take risks, and innovativeness. Data were collected from 416 business students from six public and private sector universities in Pakistan. The results revealed that self-motivation, family support, peer influence, and institutional support positively and significantly affected entrepreneurial intention. The mediating role of entrepreneurial skills, a propensity to take risks, and innovativeness also enhances entrepreneurial intention among young graduates. A categorical analysis was conducted to explain the characteristics of the individuals motivated to launch start-ups. The results revealed a significant difference in the grouping variables of gender and education. The conceptual model provides more pronounced results in the case of male and post-graduate students. These findings may motivate young graduates to start new venture capital start-ups based on open business models. In this way, they can contribute to the complex and evolutionary economics that accelerate efficiency through technological innovation.

Entrepreneurial Intentions for Engineering Students: Does Entrepreneurship Education and Family Environment Matter?

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Factors Affecting Adaptability of Cryptocurrency: An Application of Technology Acceptance Model

“…Table 3 shows discriminant validity results by employing the Fornell-Larker criteria. It explains how many constructs are unrelated to each other in the model, i.e., constructs differ from each other (Shahzad et al, 2021). It is accessed by evaluating cross-loading values in two ways: the Fornell-Larcker criterion and the other is the Hetrotrait-Monotrait ratio (HTMT).…”

“…Behavioral intention is the best predictor of action (e.g., toward an information system or system utilization) and intentions toward adopting new technologies (Fagnant and Kockelman, 2015). Technology acceptance model determinants help consumers make the best decisions regarding technology acceptance by guiding them through the processes and procedures (Shahzad et al, 2021).…”

An empirical study on entrepreneurial willingness and entrepreneurial rationality: based on an entrepreneurship questionnaire survey of Chinese college students

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