What factors reliably predict electronic cigarette nicotine delivery?

Blank, Melissa D.; Pearson, Jennifer; Cobb, Caroline O.; Felicione, Nicholas J.; Hiler, Marzena; Spindle, Tory R.; Breland, Alison

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055193

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(44 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, for higher wattage devices (ie, 40.5-45 W), paired with 3-8 mg/ml nicotine, puff duration may affect nicotine delivery, as others have noted. 14,15 However, the puff duration observed in this study was similar to other studies on ENDS-naïve cigarette smokers. 8 Differences in puff duration do not fully explain all differences in nicotine delivery.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Variable Voltage, Tank-Style ENDS Do Not Always Deliver Nicotine

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: In this paper, we characterize the nicotine delivery profile of a variable voltage, tank-style electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS). Methods: Ten cigarette smokers (8 men, 2 women) completed this within-subject study assessing effects of 2 device power settings (15 W, 45 W) and 3 liquid nicotine concentrations (0, 3, and 6 mg/ml) using a tank-style ENDS. Participants completed one directed (10 puffs) and one ad libitum use period for each condition, with blood sampled throughout. Results: Plasma nicotine concentration did not increase significantly at 15 W regardless of liquid nicotine concentration. At 45 W, mean plasma nicotine increased (not significantly compared to 0 mg/ml) from 2.24 ng/ml (SD = 0.2) at baseline to 3.4 ng/ml (SD = 0.6) in the 3 mg/ml condition. In the 6 mg/ml, 45 W condition, mean plasma nicotine increased significantly (compared to 0 mg/ml) from 2.0 ng/ml (SD=0) at baseline to 5.96 ng/ml (SD = 1.3) after 10 puffs. In general, puff duration and volume decreased as device power and nicotine concentration increased. Conclusions: Despite using a variable wattage, tank-style device, nicotine delivery was minimal. These results, when combined with results from other studies using tank-style devices, highlight ENDS performance heterogeneity. Regulation may play a role in standardizing ENDS nicotine delivery.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Variable Voltage, Tank-Style ENDS Do Not Always Deliver Nicotine

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Prior research has shown puff duration influences nicotine delivery. 40 For the seven machine testing studies reviewed here, puff volume explained 37% of the variability in nicotine measured per puff. The puff topography study was of ad libitum use over 60 min, while the PK studies provided participants 4.5-10 min to use JUUL, followed by a period of abstinence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nicotine delivery and cigarette equivalents from vaping a JUULpod

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With patented nicotine salt technology, JUUL dominates the e-cigarette market. We reviewed studies of JUUL’s nicotine pharmacokinetic profile and studies quantifying nicotine in a JUULpod, emitted in the aerosol and absorbed by users. Examined in eight studies, JUUL’s peak nicotine levels were half to three-quarters that of a combustible cigarette in industry-conducted studies with JUUL-naïve users, while comparable to or greater than combustible cigarettes in independent studies of experienced e-cigarette users. JUUL Labs reports each 5% (nicotine-by-weight) cartridge contains approximately 40 mg nicotine per pod and is ‘approximately equivalent to about 1 pack of cigarettes.’ In five independent studies, nicotine in the liquid in a JUULpod ranged from 39.3 to 48.3 mg. Seven studies measured nicotine delivery via vaping-machine generated aerosols, varying in puffing regimes and equipment. One study estimated 68% transfer efficiency to the aerosol, measuring 28.8 mg nicotine per JUULpod. The other studies reported nicotine values ranging from 72 to 164 µg/puff. At 200 puffs, this is 14.4–32.8 mg of nicotine per pod with equivalence to 13–30 cigarettes. A study measuring nicotine levels in JUUL users during a 5-day controlled switch found equivalence to 18 cigarettes. One JUULpod appears capable of delivering the nicotine equivalent to smoking about a pack of cigarettes, with variability. In JUUL-naïve smokers, JUUL’s nicotine boost was lower than that of combustible cigarettes; while in experienced users, JUUL was comparable. Minimising harshness and adaptive to user experience, JUUL’s design facilitates initiation to a high nicotine, and ultimately, highly addictive vaping product.

show abstract

“…Since puffing topography is an indirect method of determining exposure to smoke or vapour, the higher puff volumes and more frequent puffs observed in e-cigarette and waterpipe user could potentially increase the exposure to toxicants. 33 …”

Section: Comparison Of Smoking/vaping Patterns For Tobacco Cigarettementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and waterpipe smoking on endothelial function and clinical outcomes

Münzel

Hahad

Kuntic

et al. 2020

European Heart Journal

272

180

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tobacco smoking is a leading cause of non-communicable disease globally and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lung disease. Importantly, recent data by the World Health Organizations (WHO) indicate that in the last two decades global tobacco use has significantly dropped, which was largely driven by decreased numbers of female smokers. Despite such advances, the use of e-cigarettes and waterpipes (shisha, hookah, narghile) is an emerging trend, especially among younger generations. There is growing body of evidence that e-cigarettes are not a harm-free alternative to tobacco cigarettes and there is considerable debate as to whether e-cigarettes are saving smokers or generating new addicts. Here, we provide an updated overview of the impact of tobacco/waterpipe (shisha) smoking and e-cigarette vaping on endothelial function, a biomarker for early, subclinical, atherosclerosis from human and animal studies. Also their emerging adverse effects on the proteome, transcriptome, epigenome, microbiome, and the circadian clock are summarized. We briefly discuss heat-not-burn tobacco products and their cardiovascular health effects. We discuss the impact of the toxic constituents of these products on endothelial function and subsequent CVD and we also provide an update on current recommendations, regulation and advertising with focus on the USA and Europe. As outlined by the WHO, tobacco cigarette, waterpipe, and e-cigarette smoking/vaping may contribute to an increased burden of symptoms due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to severe health consequences.

show abstract

What factors reliably predict electronic cigarette nicotine delivery?

Cited by 14 publications

References 44 publications

Variable Voltage, Tank-Style ENDS Do Not Always Deliver Nicotine

Variable Voltage, Tank-Style ENDS Do Not Always Deliver Nicotine

Nicotine delivery and cigarette equivalents from vaping a JUULpod

Effects of tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and waterpipe smoking on endothelial function and clinical outcomes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About