“…First, we generated n-gram sets of frequencies (Zhou et al, 2017): a contiguous sequence of n words from a given sequence of text (Rizkallah, Atiya, Mahgoub, & Heragy, 2018). N-gram is widely used in natural language processing (NLP) applications such as speech recognition, machine translation, and information retrieval (Dang et al, 2016). Next, we made use of the “bag-of-words” (BoW) technique, known as the most common method for text analysis based on NLP (Razavi, Matwin, De Koninck, & Amini, 2014).…”