What Is Populism?

Populism as Identity Politics

“…Although some commenters suggest that Sanders represents left-wing populism (Kazin, 2016), we base our understanding of populism on Müller (2016), who argues that populism is not only anti-elitist but also anti-pluralist, and as such does not apply to Sanders. …”

“…When narcissistic and conventional ingroup positivity are considered together as predictors of intergroup attitudes, collective narcissism predicts prejudice, while non-narcissistic ingroup positivity predicts less negative attitudes (Golec de Zavala, Cichocka, & Bilewicz, 2013). Collective narcissism is also associated with perceptions of other groups conspiring against the ingroup (Cichocka, Marchlewska, Golec de Zavala, & Olechowski, 2016)-a belief often accompanying any failures of populist governments (Müller, 2016).…”

Boundary Struggles: Contestations of free speech in the Norwegian public sphere

“…Immigration critics are often related to a type of populism where emotion rather than reason, dramaturgy and rhetoric rather than facts and arguments, authoritarian rather than liberal values are defining characteristics (Muller, 2016). Indeed Alexander's theory stipulates that affect and frenzy are the uncivil antidote to the civil values of rationality and calmness.…”

“Joga pedra na Judith”: discursos de ódio e populismo

“…In a pioneering work on populism in Brazil, Francisco Weffort draws attention to the fact that populism "can only be 1 The definition of populism suggested here is similar to that of Jan-Werner Müller (2016). Despite this, I am aware that the most influential theory regarding populism belongs to Ernesto Laclau (2013).…”