What Is the Evidence?

Shaughnessy, Michael R; Hofmeister, Erik H.

doi:10.2460/javma.236.1.55

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Variations in probes, anatomical locations and clinical conditions can influence pulse oximetry (Shaughnessy & Hofmeister ; Chaffin et al . ; Matthews et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most reliable and repeatable data was obtained when the probe was placed on the nasal septum (C-clamp) or the tongue (clip probe), but reliable and repeatable data were less consistently obtained when the probe was placed on other tissues. Variations in probes, anatomical locations and clinical conditions can influence pulse oximetry (Shaughnessy & Hofmeister 2010;Chaffin et al 1996;Matthews et al 2003). The pulse oximeter depends on detection of pulsatile waveforms for determination of S a O 2 (Clark et al 1992 ;Mendelson 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use and accuracy of pulse oximetry has been documented in a number of veterinary species (Erhardt et al 1989;Huss et al 1995;Jacobson et al 1992;Martinez et al 1996;Vender et al 1995;Whitehair et al 1990) but has not been documented in llamas or alpacas. A recent evidencebased medical review of the literature found that saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen measured pulse oximetry (S p O 2 ) typically under estimates saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen measured by blood gas analysis (SaO 2 ) by 3-5% and is accurate at SaO 2 > 70% (Shaughnessy & Hofmeister 2010). South American Camelids have ellipsoid red blood cells and different characteristics of haemoglobin (Hall et al 1936).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of clinical application of pulse oximetry probes in llamas and alpacas

Grubb¹,

Anderson

2017

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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The placement and accuracy of pulse oximeter probes can vary markedly among species. For our study, we aimed to assess the accuracy of pulse oximetry and to determine the most clinically useful sites for probe placement in llamas and alpacas. The objectives included an analysis of pulse oximetry probes for accurate assessment of llamas and alpacas and to determine the best placement of the probes to achieve accurate readings. For study 1, saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen was measured in 184 arterial blood gas samples (SaO2) using a co‐oximeter and compared to saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen simultaneously measured using a pulse oximeter (SpO2). The bias and precision for the SpO2‐SaO2 difference was calculated and plotted on a Bland‐Altman plot. For study 2, SpO2 data was collected 624 times from a variety of sites [tongue (T), nasal septum (NS), lip (L), vulva (V), prepuce (P), ear (E), and scrotum (S)] and recorded based upon a percentage of successful readings. Results for study 1 revealed that SpO2 was consistently 0 to −6% points different than SaO2. The bias and precision of the SpO2–SaO2 difference was −2.6 ± 1.7%. Results for study 2 uncovered that 540 recordings were successful readings and were obtained from the tongue and nasal septum with 97% accuracy, the lip 80%, vulva 62%, prepuce 59%, ear and scrotum < 50%. We concluded that pulse oximetry probes provide reliable estimates of arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation in llamas and alpacas and is most accurately read when placed on the nasal septum or tongue.

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“…Variations in probes, anatomical locations and clinical conditions can influence pulse oximetry (Shaughnessy & Hofmeister ; Chaffin et al . ; Matthews et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%