What is your diagnosis?

Pm, Smith; Jeffery, Nick D.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2006.00021.x

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The mean age of the cats in our study was 8.7 years, which is in agreement with the mean age of all the published feline IVDH cases thus far (8.3 years). 7–38 This occurrence in mature cats has been reported previously, 30,35 and is consistent with several post-mortem studies on feline intervertebral disc degeneration and herniation that found an increased occurrence of this condition in older animals. 1–4 When considering each type of IVDH separately, previously reported cats affected by IVDP and IVDE had a similar mean age (8.6 years), 7–14,16,18–23,25–27,29–36,38 wher...…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Many breeds of cats have been reported to be clinically affected by IVDH, although non-purebred cats constitute roughly two-thirds of the 185 published feline cases. 8,10,11,13,15–28,30–38 However, a recent study identified Persian and British Shorthair cats as being predisposed to thoracolumbar IVDH when compared with the general feline population of a referral hospital. 35 In agreement with previous studies, 8,10,11,13,15–28,30–38 the DSH was the most common breed affected by IVDH in our study, reflecting the greater proportion of this breed among the overall feline population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,10,11,13,15–28,30–38 However, a recent study identified Persian and British Shorthair cats as being predisposed to thoracolumbar IVDH when compared with the general feline population of a referral hospital. 35 In agreement with previous studies, 8,10,11,13,15–28,30–38 the DSH was the most common breed affected by IVDH in our study, reflecting the greater proportion of this breed among the overall feline population. However, when taking exclusively purebred cats into account, Exotic Shorthairs seem to be over-represented, although the low number of cases limits the strength of this observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cats, a sex predisposition to IVDH has not been reported, although males seem to be over-represen-ted. 7,10,12–19,21,23,25–27,29–38 Among published feline IVDE cases, a male predisposition could be suspected owing to a male-to-female ratio of 1.8. 29,34,35,38 In our study, a strong association between sex and type of IVDH was found, with males being significantly more prone to being affected by IVDE and females by ANNPE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first report of symptomatic feline IVDH dates back to 1971. 7 Since then, several clinical cases have been published, the vast majority as case reports 8–29 or case series numbering 10 or fewer cats, 30–34 mirroring the low prevalence of this condition in the feline population. In the past 5 years, only three larger retrospective studies have been published, two describing IVDHs limited to the thoracolumbar region of the spine in a population of 31 35 and 35 cats, 35,36 and the other focusing on a single type of IVDH (namely, acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion [ANNPE]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Prevalence, clinical presentation and MRI of intervertebral disc herniations in cats

Bibbiani¹,

Gelendi

Bernardini

et al. 2022

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and to describe the clinical and diagnostic imaging features of the different types of feline intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH). Methods Medical records and imaging studies were retrospectively reviewed for cats diagnosed with IVDH between January 2008 and October 2020. Information obtained from the clinical records included signalment, clinical presentation, the presence of spinal hyperaesthesia and neurolocalisation. Diagnostic imaging findings, including type (ie, intervertebral disc extrusion [IVDE], intervertebral disc protrusion [IVDP] or acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE), site and number of IVDHs, were recorded. The association between breed, age, sex, duration and severity of neurological signs, the presence of spinal pain and MRI features was evaluated. Results Forty-three cats were included. A total of 50 IVDHs were identified: 39 cats were diagnosed with a single IVDH and four with multiple IVDHs. The most common type of IVDH was ANNPE (n = 22), followed by IVDP (n = 19) and IVDE (n = 9). Neuroanatomical localisation included L4–S3 (n = 19/43), T3–L3 (n = 18/43) and C1–C5 (n = 6/43). Cats with a single IVDH were statistically significantly associated with a diagnosis of ANNPE ( P = 0.023) compared with cats with multiple IVDHs affected by IVDP ( P = 0.004). Males were more commonly affected by IVDE ( P = 0.020) and females by ANNPE ( P = 0.020). Cats with IVDP had a longer duration of clinical signs ( P <0.001) than cats with ANNPE and demonstrated milder neurological deficits ( P = 0.005). IVDEs were statistically significantly associated with spinal hyperaesthesia ( P = 0.013), while ANNPEs were not ( P = 0.014). Conclusions and relevance ANNPE, IVDP and IVDE are each associated with distinctive clinical scenarios. Thoracolumbar and mid-to-caudal lumbar regions are the most affected, followed by the cranial cervical spine segment.

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