What Makes Smartphone Use Meaningful or Meaningless?

Lukoff, Kai; Yu, Cissy; Kientz, Julie A.; Hiniker, Alexis

doi:10.1145/3191754

Cited by 141 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…However, when we compare ourselves to people on social media who are outperforming us (i.e., an upward social comparison), we end up feeling envy and distress (e.g., [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59]). Emerging evidence has also begun to link upward social comparisons on social media with the experience of fear of missing out (FOMO) [60], meaninglessness [61], and body-image dissatisfaction [55,62].…”

Section: Self-presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Media and Well-Being: Pitfalls, Progress, and Next Steps

Kross

Verduyn

Sheppes

et al. 2021

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

273

207

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Within a relatively short time span, social media have transformed the way humans interact, leading many to wonder what, if any, implications this interactive revolution has had for people's emotional lives. Over the past 15 years, an explosion of research has examined this issue, generating countless studies and heated debate. Although early research generated inconclusive findings, several experiments have revealed small negative effects of social media use on well-being. These results mask, however, a deeper set of complexities. Accumulating evidence indicates that social media can enhance or diminish well-being depending on how people use them. Future research is needed to model these complexities using stronger methods to advance knowledge in this domain. The Puzzle: Does Social Media Impact Well-Being? Humanity had flirted with the idea of building a machine capable of spreading ideas quickly throughout the world for over 2000 years before all of the pieces necessary to do so finally came together for Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-1400s, while he was working on the shores of the Ill River in Strasburg [1]. It rested largely on Gutenberg's invention of a technique for pressing movable type (think of a scrabble set made of metal) against paper and ink to create a printed page [1] (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johannes-Gutenberg). Prior to Gutenberg's invention, it would take up to 2 months to produce a single copy of a book. Now printers could produce 8000 copies during the same time [1]. Highlights Social media has revolutionized how humans interact, providing them with unprecedented opportunities to satisfy their social needs. An explosion of research has examined whether social media impacts wellbeing. First-and second-generation studies examining this issue yielded inconsistent results. An emerging set of third-generation experiments has begun to reveal small but significant negative effects of overall social media use on well-being. The results of these experiments mask the complexities characterizing the relationship between social media and wellbeing. Whether it enhances or diminishes well-being depends on how and why people use it, as well as who uses it. People use social media for different reasons (e.g., to manage impressions, to share emotions), which influence how it impacts their own and other people's well-being.

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Section: Self-presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Media and Well-Being: Pitfalls, Progress, and Next Steps

Kross

Verduyn

Sheppes

et al. 2021

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

273

207

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, hypnosis and smartphone use can both elicit automatic behaviours with a reduced feeling of control. People can become side-tracked while simply trying to check the time on their phone ( 28 ) and report being “sucked down a rabbit hole of un-productivity” ( 29 ) or “into some mindless … black hole” ( 30 ). People commonly report a loss of self-control when using their phones ( 30 ), especially if they feel addicted to them ( 31 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…People can become side-tracked while simply trying to check the time on their phone ( 28 ) and report being “sucked down a rabbit hole of un-productivity” ( 29 ) or “into some mindless … black hole” ( 30 ). People commonly report a loss of self-control when using their phones ( 30 ), especially if they feel addicted to them ( 31 ). Relatedly, people feel less control over their behaviours under hypnosis ( 32 ), such as feeling their arm lifting without their apparent control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypnotised by Your Phone? Smartphone Addiction Correlates With Hypnotisability

2020

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Hypnosis and heavy smartphone use are both characterised by absorbed states in which one loses track of time and responds automatically to stimuli. In this pre-registered study, we tested whether there was a relationship between smartphone addiction and hypnotisability: one's tendency to follow suggestions under hypnosis. Over 11 public lectures, we hypnotised 641 student-aged participants; after the hypnosis session, participants completed the Smartphone Addiction Scale (Short Version). There was a positive correlation between hypnotisability and smartphone addiction (r = .17, 95% CI [.09, .24], p < .001) with a magnitude similar to standard predictors of hypnotisability. This correlation was small but unlikely spurious: it was positive in 10 of the 11 samples (including two from psychology courses) and persisted in a follow-up several months later. The addiction scores in this Canadian sample were unexpectedly high (M = 31.41) compared to other countries. We hypothesise that targeting the absorbed, time-distorted, and automatic use of smartphones may promote healthier phone habits.

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“…We included 40 apps suggested by these users that we could find in the Google Play Store. -App usage patterns: We contacted the authors of a prior work [24], who shared data from 45 participants' phone usage behaviors, including which apps participants had used during a two-week period. We included the 48 apps used by at least 10% of participants.…”

Section: Identifying Apps For Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Privacy-Focused Systematic Analysis of Online Status Indicators

Cobb

Simko

Kohno

et al. 2020

Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies

Self Cite

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Online status indicators (or OSIs, i.e., interface elements that communicate whether a user is online) can leak potentially sensitive information about users. In this work, we analyze 184 mobile applications to systematically characterize the existing design space of OSIs. We identified 40 apps with OSIs across a variety of genres and conducted a design review of the OSIs in each, examining both Android and iOS versions of these apps. We found that OSI design decisions clustered into four major categories, namely: appearance, audience, settings, and fidelity to actual user behavior. Less than half of these apps allow users change the default settings for OSIs. Informed by our findings, we discuss: 1) how these design choices support adversarial behavior, 2) design guidelines for creating consistent, privacy-conscious OSIs, and 3) a set of novel design concepts for building future tools to augment users’ ability to control and understand the presence information they broadcast. By connecting the common design patterns we document to prior work on privacy in social technologies, we contribute an empirical understanding of the systematic ways in which OSIs can make users more or less vulnerable to unwanted information disclosure.

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What Makes Smartphone Use Meaningful or Meaningless?

Cited by 141 publications

References 63 publications

Social Media and Well-Being: Pitfalls, Progress, and Next Steps

Social Media and Well-Being: Pitfalls, Progress, and Next Steps

Hypnotised by Your Phone? Smartphone Addiction Correlates With Hypnotisability

A Privacy-Focused Systematic Analysis of Online Status Indicators

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