“…Commercial databases received renewed attention in the years following the 2008 crash, as services like Bloomberg Professional, Refinitiv Eikon, Bureau van Dijk Orbis, and Standard and Poor's Compustat promised to provide new means for tracking and mapping financial power. These are fast becoming an important part of the toolkit for critical finance research at the firm-level (Schwartz, 2022). Data from these platforms has been used to chart networks of corporate ownership, revealing, for example, the ubiquity of the 'Big Three' asset management firms BlackRock, Vanguard, and State Street, as universal and permanent owners of capital (Fichtner et al, 2017; Fichtner andHeemskerk, 2020).…”