What the fox? Cryptic Eucoleus [Capillaria] sp. in the respiratory tract of a cat from Australia

Calvani, Nichola Eliza Davies; Wright, Megan E.; White, Joanna; Stepkovitch, Ben; Francis, Emily Kate; Rivory, Phoebe; Wong, Bianca; Wilson, Thea M.; Walker, M. W.; Martín, Patricia A.; Dickman, Christopher R.; Šlapeta, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100028

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For instance, Anisakis simplex , A nisakis pegreffi and A nisakis berlandi , were resolved as new species based on allozyme electrophoresis and ITS, 12S and cox 1 sequence analyses, after being considered cryptic ( Nascetti et al., 1986 ; Mattiucci et al., 2014 ). Another example is the report of a cryptic species within Eucoleus , based on a female adult collected from the bronchoalveolar lavage of a 12-week-old kitten ( Calvani et al., 2021 ). Herein, researchers found up to 15–19% divergence in the cox 1 sequence of this Eucoleus sp.…”

Section: Cryptic Diversity In Helminth Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…isolate when compared to other available Eucoleus sequences; and a 14–23% divergence in mitochondrial protein coding gene sequences between the kitten isolate and E. aerophilus . However, differences in egg morphology found between the kitten isolate and E. aerophilus imply that the species is not strictly cryptic, even if adult morphology was not examined ( Calvani et al., 2021 ). Moreover, the tapeworm of brown bears ( Ursus arctos ), Taenia arctos, was described as a nominal species with its own diagnosis after being originally reported as cryptic ( Lavikainen et al., 2010 ; Haukisalmi et al., 2011 ).…”

Section: Cryptic Diversity In Helminth Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What lies behind the curtain: Cryptic diversity in helminth parasites of human and veterinary importance

Cháves-González

Morales-Calvo

Mora

et al. 2022

Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases

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Section: Cryptic Diversity In Helminth Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cryptic Diversity In Helminth Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What lies behind the curtain: Cryptic diversity in helminth parasites of human and veterinary importance

Cháves-González

Morales-Calvo

Mora

et al. 2022

Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases

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“…Trichinella , Trichuris and Capillaria sensu lato belong to the superfamily, Trichinelloidea Ward, 1907, and their stichosome esophagus has a unique structure [ 8 ] that resembles a capillary tube equating to a stack of gland cells, known as stichocytes, which are arranged similarly to a stack of donuts. Based on complete mtDNA coding genes, the order Trichocephalida Spasski, 1954 is segregated into three well-defined clades, representing the families Trichinellidae Ward, 1907, Trichuridae Ransom, 1911 and Capillariidae Railliet, 1915, which include Trichinella , Trichuris and Capillaria , respectively [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human parasitic infections of the class Adenophorea: global epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention and control

Intirach,

Shu,

et al. 2024

Infect Dis Poverty

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Background Human parasitic infections caused by Adenophorean nematodes encompass a range of diseases, including dioctophymiasis, trichuriasis, capillariasis, trichinellosis, and myositis. These infection can result in adverse impacts on human health and cause societal and economic concerns in tropical and subtropical regions. Methods This review conducted searches in PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar for relevant studies that published in established databases up to April 26, 2024. Studies that focused on the common morphology, life cycle, disease distribution, clinical manifestations, and prevention and control strategies for Adenophorean parasitic diseases in humans were included. Results Adenophorean nematodes exhibit shared morphological characteristics with a four-layered cuticle; uninucleate epidermal cells; pseudocoelom with six or more coelomocytes; generally three caudal glands; five esophageal glands; two testes in males with median-ventral supplementary glands in a single row; tail in males rarely possessing caudal alae; amphids always postlabial; presence of cephalic sensory organs; absence of phasmids; and a secretory-excretory system consisting of a single ventral gland cell, usually with a non-cuticularized terminal duct. Humans play two important roles in the life cycle of the nematode class, Adenophorea: 1) as a definitive host infected by ingesting undercooked paratenic hosts, embryonated eggs, infective larvae in fish tissue and meat contaminated with encysted or non-encysted larvae, and 2) as an accidental host infected by ingesting parasitic eggs in undercooked meat. Many organs are targeted by the Adenophorean nematode in humans such as the intestines, lungs, liver, kidneys, lymphatic circulation and blood vessels, resulting in gastrointestinal problems, excessive immunological responses, cell disruption, and even death. Most of these infections have significant incidence rates in the developing countries of Africa, Asia and Latin America; however, some parasitic diseases have restricted dissemination in outbreaks. To prevent these diseases, interventions together with education, sanitation, hygiene and animal control measures have been introduced in order to reduce and control parasite populations. Conclusions The common morphology, life cycle, global epidemiology and pathology of human Adenophorean nematode-borne parasitic diseases were highlighted, as well as their prevention and control. The findings of this review will contribute to improvement of monitoring and predicting human-parasitic infections, understanding the relationship between animals, humans and parasites, and preventing and controlling parasitic diseases. Graphical Abstract

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Prevalence and genetic diversity of the lung nematode Eucoleus aerophilus in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Central Europe (Poland) assessed by PCR and flotation

Samorek-Pieróg,

Cencek,

Bilska-Zając

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Eucoleus aerophilus is the causative agent of respiratory capillariosis in wild and domestic carnivores and has sporadically affected humans. To date, this parasite has been detected in 38 countries, confirming its worldwide distribution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of E. aerophilus in red fox populations from Central Europe and to describe the sequence variations in the partial cox 1 gene of this parasite recovered from stool samples. An investigation was carried out using 342 samples of red foxes faeces investigated via seminested PCR and coproscopy. PCR results confirmed the presence of E. aerophilus DNA in 230 samples and E. boehmi DNA in 14 samples. Molecular analysis of the retrieved sequences revealed 22 haplotypes of E. aerophilus , EaPL1–EaPL22, and 4 haplotypes of E. boehmi , EbPL1–EbPL4. Coproscopic examination revealed that eggs of the Capillariidae family were most prevalent in all regions, with a mean prevalence of 73%. Furthermore, the following eggs were detected: Taeniidae (21.3%), Toxocara spp. (26.3%), Toxascaris leonina (5.3%), Trichuris vulpis (1.5%), trematodes (23.4%), hookworms (2.3%) and Mesocestoides spp. (1.8%). This study evaluated the prevalence of E. aerophilus in red fox populations in selected regions of Poland. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first molecular study on E. aerophilus in Poland. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-024-75483-1.

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What the fox? Cryptic Eucoleus [Capillaria] sp. in the respiratory tract of a cat from Australia

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

What lies behind the curtain: Cryptic diversity in helminth parasites of human and veterinary importance

What lies behind the curtain: Cryptic diversity in helminth parasites of human and veterinary importance

Human parasitic infections of the class Adenophorea: global epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention and control

Prevalence and genetic diversity of the lung nematode Eucoleus aerophilus in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Central Europe (Poland) assessed by PCR and flotation

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