Wheel Slip Control Applied to an Electric Tractor for Improving Tractive Efficiency and Reducing Energy Consumption

Melo, Rodnei Regis de; Tofoli, Fernando Lessa; Daher, Sérgio; Antunes, Fernando Luiz Marcelo

doi:10.3390/s22124527

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Seung-Yun Baek [ 12 ] designed and developed an electric four-wheel drive tractor and analyzed its agricultural and traction performance. Rodnei Regis de Melo [ 13 ] proposed a solution for automatic slip control of a two-wheel drive electric tractor to improve the traction efficiency of the electric tractor. The domestic research on electric tractors has just started.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and experimental research of electric tractor drive system based on Modelica

Mao

Yan

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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The electric tractor has the advantages of zero-emission, high efficiency, and low noise, which is the direction of future development and transformation of agricultural power machinery. Aim at the problem that the simulation methods commonly used in the development of electric tractor drive system are poorly generalized and cannot meet the simulation needs of complex multi-domain physical systems. This paper proposes a modeling method for an electric tractor drive system, takes the YTO-500 tractor as the research object, designs and calculates the overall scheme and parameters of its drive system, divides the drive system into modules, establishes the energy system, motor system and mechanical parts model based on Modelica, and integrates the simulation model of electric tractor drive system on this basis. The traction performance and transportation working conditions were simulated and tested. With compared and analyzed, in the traction characteristics, the simulation and test results of maximum speed, maximum traction force, and maximum traction power of each gear are consistent; within 400s transportation simulation conditions, the speed range of electric tractor is 13~28km·h-1, which is consistent with the speed range of electric tractor transportation gear. The results show that the simulation and the test results are consistent, which verifies the credibility of the simulation and the correctness of the model built, providing a basis for future research and development of agricultural machinery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and experimental research of electric tractor drive system based on Modelica

Mao

Yan

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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“…A dual-motor configuration allows for improvements in terms of traction efficiency, slip control, and consequently, energy consumption [132]. De Melo et al [133] focused on a slip control algorithm for a two-wheel drive electric tractor. The two motors were controlled separately in order to maintain the slip of the wheels within an acceptable range and thus enhance the efficiency and the autonomy.…”

Section: Control Strategies For Full-electric Powertrainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and Future Perspective of Electrification in Agricultural Tractor-Implement Applications

Mocera,

Somà,

Martelli

et al. 2023

Energies

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The worldwide growing demand for food is pushing the agricultural field towards new innovative solutions to increase the efficiency and productivity of cultivations. In this direction, agricultural mechanization plays a crucial role, and tractors are among the most important actors. Agricultural tractors are machines designed to push/pull special instruments usually referred to as implements, to which they may transfer power by means of a mechanical power take-off (PTO) or via hydraulic connections, thanks to the availability of pressurized oil. The tractor can be seen as a mobile power station: the more efficiently it provides power to external implements or to the ground in terms of tractive effort, the higher will be the efficiency and productivity of a certain task. However, the growing demand for greener and sustainable work machines is pushing towards new concepts of tractor powertrains with the goal of reducing, as much as possible, the amount of pollutants and GHG emissions per unit of work. In this paper, the authors will propose a review of the current trends towards electrification of agricultural tractors. Electrification can help in making vehicles more efficient and opening a new scenario for work optimization. Moreover, electrification is also involving the implements attached to the tractor and responsible for actually performing a wide variety of field tasks. However, tractor electrification requires proper attention due to the impact of high power electric systems on the vehicle configuration. For this reason, a proper level of hybridization should be considered. In this paper, a new classification method will be proposed, considering the electrification level in terms of power and as a function of the installed electric energy storage. This definition will be applied to classify the current state of the art of electric and hybrid agricultural tractors, investigating current trends in the scientific community and among industrial manufacturers with a look to the new upcoming technologies.

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“…Li et al (2020) researched the optimization of design parameters for a dualinput coupling powertrain system to enhance the output efficiency of electric tractors under diverse working conditions. Furthermore, several studies have explored energy efficiency improvements through torque-based control strategies applied to electric tractor wheels to extend their working duration (de Melo et al, 2022;Liu et al, 2016). The working duration of an electric tractor is directly proportional to the amount of energy stored in its battery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Working Duration Prediction of Electric Tractors According to Weight Reduction

Ahn,

Choi,

Moon

et al. 2024

Journal of the ASABE

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Highlights A method for weight reduction of the tractor's structure through topology optimization was presented. A dynamic model of an electric tractor was developed to predict working duration for various agricultural works. The increase in working duration due to the weight reduction of the tractor structure was predicted. A method for predicting the appropriate battery weight of an electric tractor was proposed. Abstract. Recently, the demand for electric tractors has grown substantially in efforts to achieve carbon neutrality. To successfully introduce electric tractors into the market, ensuring sufficient working duration on a single charge is crucial. Increasing the battery capacity is one approach to extend the working duration. However, structural weight reduction strategies for tractors should be explored to mitigate potential issues associated with excessive weight, such as soil compaction. To increase the working duration of electric tractors, this paper proposes methods for structural weight reduction, to predict working duration per agricultural work based on tractor weight reduction, and to predict the appropriate battery weight for electric tractors. The proposed method involves implementing topology optimization on the rear axle housing of tractors to achieve weight reduction. The allocation of weight reduction resulting from structural improvements to the battery weight is determined using a dynamic model of a tractor to calculate the increase in working duration. Additionally, the extended working duration for various agricultural works is estimated, considering different types of batteries and battery weight ratios. Notably, light-weighting achieved a 20.21% reduction in weight when compared with the initial model. The findings of this study indicate an increase in the working duration, with approximately 56.2 and 7.1 min additional for road driving and rotavator work when using Li-S batteries, respectively. Furthermore, the battery weight required to achieve the targeted working duration is calculated, accounting for variations in power demand across different agricultural works. Finally, a method for predicting the optimal battery weight for electric tractors based on the specific power needs and targeted working duration for various agricultural activities is proposed. Keywords: Battery weight, Electric tractor, Topology optimization, Weight reduction, Working duration prediction.

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Wheel Slip Control Applied to an Electric Tractor for Improving Tractive Efficiency and Reducing Energy Consumption

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Simulation and experimental research of electric tractor drive system based on Modelica

Simulation and experimental research of electric tractor drive system based on Modelica

Trends and Future Perspective of Electrification in Agricultural Tractor-Implement Applications

Working Duration Prediction of Electric Tractors According to Weight Reduction

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