When Oil Meets Air: A New Cause of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

Calhoun, Kara; Duke, Jennifer; George, Neal; Akkanti, Bindu

doi:10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.2116

Cited by 2 publications

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“…However, their activity is several orders of magnitude lower than that of antibiotics, their MICs being around 1–8 mg/mL. Moreover, data supporting their clinical efficacy are scarce and their toxicity is often overlooked ( Calhoun et al, 2019 ). As a matter of fact, the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF) warns against using EOs by nebulization as this may cause lung inflammation 1 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative Impact of Citral on Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Antibiotics

et al. 2021

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Essential oils (EOs) or their components are widely used by inhalation or nebulization to fight mild respiratory bacterial infections. However, their interaction with antibiotics is poorly known. In this study we evaluated the effects of citral, the main component of lemongrass oil, on in vitro susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics. Exposure of strain PA14 to subinhibitory concentrations of citral increased expression of operons encoding the multidrug efflux systems MexEF-OprN and MexXY/OprM, and bacterial resistance to anti-pseudomonal antibiotics including imipenem (twofold), gentamicin (eightfold), tobramycin (eightfold), ciprofloxacin (twofold), and colistin (≥128-fold). Use of pump deletion mutants showed that in addition to efflux other mechanisms were involved in this citral-induced phenotype. Determination of Zeta potential suggested that citral impairs the cell surface binding of aminoglycosides and colistin used at low concentrations (≤10 μg/mL). Moreover, experiments based on Raman spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry demonstrated formation of a Schiff base between the aldehyde group of citral and amino-groups of tobramycin and colistin. Chemical synthesis of tobracitryl, the imine compound resulting from condensation of citral and tobramycin, confirmed the loss of antibiotic activity due to adduct formation. Altogether these data point to the potential risk concern of self-medication with EOs containing citral in patients suffering from P. aeruginosa chronic lung infections and being treated with aerosols of aminoglycoside or colistin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative Impact of Citral on Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Antibiotics

et al. 2021

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Severe Hypercalcemia from Inhalation Pneumonitis via Activation of 1,25 Dihydroxy Vitamin D

Rosenstein

Kern

2022

Journal of the Endocrine Society

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Among the many causes of hypercalcemia are inflammatory conditions, particularly involving granulomatous disease. We present a case of a previously healthy woman who arrived at the emergency department with severe symptomatic hypercalcemia. Workup revealed elevated levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D along with pneumonitis on CT imaging. The patient revealed frequent use of eucalyptus oil in her home essential oil diffuser and after removal of the offending agent her hypercalcemia, elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and pneumonitis on CT imaging all resolved.

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When Oil Meets Air: A New Cause of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Negative Impact of Citral on Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Antibiotics

Negative Impact of Citral on Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Antibiotics

Severe Hypercalcemia from Inhalation Pneumonitis via Activation of 1,25 Dihydroxy Vitamin D

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