When parasitoids deal with the spatial distribution of their hosts: consequences for both partners

Louâpre, Philippe; Lann, Cécile Le; Hance, Thierry

doi:10.1111/1744-7917.12583

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Recent studies have also highlighted the role of resource distribution, showing that A . rhopalosiphi prefers more aggregated host patches 51 . Therefore, in a system with a high prevalence of A .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific competition among aphid parasitoids: molecular approaches reveal preferential exploitation of parasitized hosts

Ortiz-Martínez

Pierre

Baaren

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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When a guild of species exploit the same limited resources, interspecific competition induces the exclusion of inferior competitors, in which case, interspecific recognition mechanisms are needed. Here, we address resource partitioning and interspecific competition among three main solitary parasitoid species attacking the same host resource, the aphid Sitobion avenae in wheat fields. Optimal host acceptance models predict that parasitoid species should prefer attacking unparasitized hosts when they are available in order to maximize their fitness, as already parasitized hosts are less valuable for laying eggs, especially for inferior competitors. Therefore, we expected the level of competition (multiparasitism) in the field to increase at low host density. By using a combination of taxonomical (determination) and molecular (PCR-based) approaches, we assessed the species of all parasitoid adults and immature stages within aphid hosts. Our results demonstrate that, early in the season, the multiparasitism rates were low, whereas they were high in the mid-late season, corresponding to an aphid density decrease over time. Moreover, parasitoid species could not have been exploiting host resources randomly and the better competitor, Aphidius ervi, seemed to be foraging preferentially on hosts already parasitized by the inferior competitor A. rhopalosiphi, even when unparasitized hosts were still available. This could be due to differences in their host detection capability, as species with a narrow host range may be better at detecting their hosts in comparison with species with a greater host range, such as A. ervi, with a greater host range within the guild. Our study suggests differences in the host exploitation of two prevalent parasitoid species through the main period of aphid colonization, which still allowed the coexistence of a third inferior competitor (A. rhopalosiphi) within the assemblage, in spite of some negative interactions (multiparasitism) and redundancies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific competition among aphid parasitoids: molecular approaches reveal preferential exploitation of parasitized hosts

Ortiz-Martínez

Pierre

Baaren

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Kami memperkirakan bahwa awal pemangsaan akan memiliki waktu penanganan yang berbeda sesuai dengan suhu yang dialami selama perkembangan parasitoid. Perbedaan awal pemangsaan untuk suhu yang relatif yang tidak jauh beda dalam skala laboratorium dapat diakibatkan oleh ukuran tubuh parasitoid (Lindmark et al, 2017), jenis kelamin parasitoid (Louapre et al, 2018) atau perkembangan parasitoid (Zhang et al, 2019). Sehingga, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi parasitisme parasitoid Trichogramma sp.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Perbedaan hasil yang diperlihatkan dari nilai t dan kurva hubungan disebabkan karena parasitoid memiliki pemanfaatan waktu untuk memulai pemangsaan. Waktu penanganan atau durasi yang dihabiskan pemangsa pada mangsa yang ditangkap untuk dikonsumsi, merupakan salah satu parameter dari banyak model respons fungsional (Papanikolaou et al, 2020) dan mengasumsikan bahwa predator menyesuaikan waktu penanganan untuk memaksimalkan kebugarannya (Louapre et al, 2018). Suhu sekitar dapat mempengaruhi tingkat metabolisme serangga (Stefan & Jonathan, 2019) yang secara tidak langsung juga mempengaruhi waktu penanganan mangsa (Daugaard et al 2019) dan tingkat mencari makan (Sentis & Boukal, 2018).…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

KAPASITAS POTENSI PARASITISME Trichogramma sp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) TERHADAP Corcyra sp.

Sumah¹,

Kusumadinata²

2023

Biosilampari

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Parasitism research Trichogramma sp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) has been carried out with the aim of studying the functional response of the parasitoid Trichogramma sp. Functional response is one measure to determine the effectiveness of a predator or parasitoid as an agent in biological control, so that it can express a change in the number of preys attacked by individual predators. Temperature is one of the most important host-parasitoid interactions in functional responses. The method used in the parasitoid parasitism Trichogramma sp. on the host Corcyra sp. using four levels of egg density Corcyra sp. with two different temperature treatments (27OC and room temperature). The results show the functional response model of the parasitoid Trichogramma sp. against its host Corcyra sp. described in the type I model. Parasitization level of Trichogramma sp. showed the same results for both temperature treatments, however, it also shows differences in the speed of predation. It also showed linearity between the parasitoids Trichogramma sp. with the host Corcyra sp. Parasitism rates are still increasing, along with an increase in host density. This research can be a starting point to improve the control of Corcyra sp. using the parasitoid Trichogramma sp. in the field.

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“…Several factors impact patch quality and thus affect the patch-leaving decisions of parasitoid females. Among these, host density is a key indicator reflecting patch quality, and many female wasps would generally spend more time staying in patches of high host density (Wajnberg, 2006; Morgan et al ., 2017; Louâpre et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sublethal effects of organophosphorus insecticide phoxim on patch time allocation and oviposition behavior in a parasitoid wasp Meteorus pulchricornis

Sheng

Song

Ahmad

et al. 2021

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Parasitoid wasps are key agents for controlling insect pests in integrated pest management programs. Although many studies have revealed that the behavior of parasitic wasps can be influenced by insecticides, the strategies of patch time allocation and oviposition have received less attention. In the present study, we forced the endoparasitoid Meteorus pulchricornis to phoxim exposure at the LC30 and tested the foraging behavior within patches with different densities of the host, the larvae of the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura. The results showed that phoxim treatment can significantly increase the patch-leaving tendency of female wasps, while host density had no impact. The number of oviposition and the number of previous patch visits also significantly influenced the patch time allocation decisions. The occurrence of oviposition behavior was negatively affected by phoxim exposure; however, progeny production was similar among patches with different host densities. Phoxim exposure shaped the offspring fitness correlates, including longer durations from cocoon to adult wasps, smaller body size, and shorter longevity. The findings of the present study highlight the sublethal effects that reduce the patch residence time and the fitness of parasitoid offspring, suggesting that the application of phoxim in association with M. pulchricornis should be carefully schemed in agroecosystems.

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When parasitoids deal with the spatial distribution of their hosts: consequences for both partners

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Interspecific competition among aphid parasitoids: molecular approaches reveal preferential exploitation of parasitized hosts

Interspecific competition among aphid parasitoids: molecular approaches reveal preferential exploitation of parasitized hosts

KAPASITAS POTENSI PARASITISME Trichogramma sp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) TERHADAP Corcyra sp.

Sublethal effects of organophosphorus insecticide phoxim on patch time allocation and oviposition behavior in a parasitoid wasp Meteorus pulchricornis

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