When skin’s defence against pollution fails

Svoboda, Elizabeth

doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07431-9

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, the first line of defense against air pollution is skin and mucous membranes [87][88][89] . The second line of defense against air pollution is phagocytes, antimicrobial substances, natural killer cells (NK cells), inflammation, and fever.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An association between air pollution and daily most frequently visits of eighteen outpatient diseases in an industrial city

Chau

Wang

2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Toxic effects of air pollutants were individually identified in various organs of the body. However, the concurrent occurrences and the connection of diseases in multiple organs arise from air pollution has not been concurrently studied before. Here we hypothesize that there exist connected health effects arise from air pollution when diseases in various organs were considered together. We used medical data from hospital outpatient visits for various organs in the body with a disease-air pollution model that represents each of the diseases as a function of the environmental factors. Our results show that elevated air pollution risks (above 40%) concurrently occurred in diseases of spondylosis, cerebrovascular, pneumonia, accidents, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), influenza, osteoarthritis (OA), asthma, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), cancer, heart, hypertensive, diabetes, kidney, and rheumatism. Air pollutants that were associated with elevated health risks are particular matters with diameters equal or less than 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), particular matters with diameters equal or less than 10 μm (PM 10 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxide (NO). Concurrent occurrences of diseases in various organs indicate that the immune system tries to connectively defend the body from persistent and rising air pollution.matter present in frontal and temporal lobes and corpus callosum 5 . Combustion-derived iron-rich magnetite nanoparticles from airborne particulate matter pollution were found in the human brain 13 , showing that air pollution particles were directly transported and deposited in the human brain. Mice exposed to elevated levels of NO 2 (2.5-5.0 mg/m 3 ) were found to show the deterioration of spatial learning and memory, aggravated amyloid β 42 accumulation, promoted pathological abnormalities, and cognitive defects related to Alzheimer's disease 14 . Humans exposed to NO 2 and PM 2.5 were positively correlated with the incidence of dementia in London, England 15 . Toxins accompanying air pollutants into the body exert chronic activation of microglia, leading to direct neuronal damage and neuronal death in the central nervous system 16 Delicate communication exists between the brain and the immune system 17,18 , and evidence that connects health and emotions through neural activity in the brain 19 . These pathophysiological findings reveal that air pollutants affected the central nervous system, leading to the decline of brain function 20 and fatal diseases 18 .Pathophysiological evidence convincingly showed pathways of various diseases arose from air pollution 21 . Hence, more diseases associated with air pollution remained to be discovered in the population 22 . Kampa and Castanas 23 and Jay 24 showed that diseases associated with air pollution were found in various parts of human organs: cardiovascular and circulatory system, digestive and excretory system, endocrine system, integumentary and exocrine system, lymphatic and immune system, muscular and skeletal s...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An association between air pollution and daily most frequently visits of eighteen outpatient diseases in an industrial city

Chau

Wang

2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We have observed that a single 50 mGy radiation dose was sufficient to promote local perturbations in regenerated epidermises with cellular and molecular characteristics of dysplasia and EMT, which may constitute an initial risk for the future development of carcinomas. Interestingly, this approach is directly applicable to other biomedical research domains, for example characterization of the skin's defenses and responses to pollution [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of Human Skin Organoids to Low Genotoxic Stress Can Promote Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Regenerating Keratinocyte Precursor Cells

Cavallero

Granito

Stockholm

et al. 2020

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For the general population, medical diagnosis is a major cause of exposure to low genotoxic stress, as various imaging techniques deliver low doses of ionizing radiation. Our study investigated the consequences of low genotoxic stress on a keratinocyte precursor fraction that includes stem and progenitor cells, which are at risk for carcinoma development. Human skin organoids were bioengineered according to a clinically-relevant model, exposed to a single 50 mGy dose of γ rays, and then xeno-transplanted in nude mice to follow full epidermis generation in an in vivo context. Twenty days post-xenografting, mature skin grafts were sampled and analyzed by semi-quantitative immuno-histochemical methods. Pre-transplantation exposure to 50 mGy of immature human skin organoids did not compromise engraftment, but half of xenografts generated from irradiated precursors exhibited areas displaying focal dysplasia, originating from the basal layer of the epidermis. Characteristics of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were documented in these dysplastic areas, including loss of basal cell polarity and cohesiveness, epithelial marker decreases, ectopic expression of the mesenchymal marker α-SMA and expression of the EMT promoter ZEB1. Taken together, these data show that a very low level of radiative stress in regenerating keratinocyte stem and precursor cells can induce a micro-environment that may constitute a favorable context for long-term carcinogenesis.

show abstract

“…Over a lifetime, human beings are exposed to a million or more commercial, environmental, and occupational chemicals [1] . Even when wearing face masks to avoid inhaling airborne pollutants, people may still be exposed to air pollutants through skin absorption, which is a complex problem [2] . Personal air pollutant sampling, including air samplers and pumps, is considered highly reliable and accurate for evaluating exposure and possible health effects [3,4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Even when wearing face masks to avoid inhaling airborne pollutants, people may still be exposed to air pollutants through skin absorption, which is a complex problem. [2] Personal air pollutant sampling, including air samplers and pumps, is considered highly reliable and accurate for evaluating exposure and possible health effects. [3,4] This manner of assessment can be used for determining safe operating exposure limits and possible health risks but does not record directly an individual's exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicone Wristband Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Combined Exposome and Metabolome Profiling

Mofidfar

Song

Kelly

et al. 2023

Israel Journal of Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wearing a silicone wristband exposes the internal surface of the wristband to glucose, lipids, and metabolites (metabolome) found in sweat and the external surface to occupational and environmental factors that could impact health found in the air (exposome). We use silicone wristband electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (SWESI‐MS) to monitor these species. A 20‐μL drop of a (1 : 1, v/v) water:methanol solution is sufficient to extract abundant metabolites and contacting chemicals derived from ingestion of drink, smoke, diet, drug, and air pollution exposure. A wide coverage of species is successfully detected and identified from a worn wristband including caffeine, glucose, nicotine, reserpine, lactate, phosphocreatinine, oleic acid, and urea. The signal from a triangular wristband surface triggered by applying a voltage of 5 kV to form a spray remains stable for at least 2 minutes. The response is linear from 10 pM to 100 μM. The SWESI‐MS method offers the advantages of onsite sampling, no preprocessing, simple testing, and automatic high‐dimensional data searching. It can be used for simultaneously monitoring hazardous chemical contamination and abnormal expression of sweat‐secreted metabolites that are indicative of some physiological condition.

show abstract

When skin’s defence against pollution fails

Abstract: © 2 0 1 8 S p r i n g e r N a t u r e L i m i t e d . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d .

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

An association between air pollution and daily most frequently visits of eighteen outpatient diseases in an industrial city

An association between air pollution and daily most frequently visits of eighteen outpatient diseases in an industrial city

Exposure of Human Skin Organoids to Low Genotoxic Stress Can Promote Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Regenerating Keratinocyte Precursor Cells

Silicone Wristband Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Combined Exposome and Metabolome Profiling

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About