When Work Disappears

Wilson, William Julius

doi:10.2307/2152085

Cited by 2,607 publications

(426 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…That is, not all poor and impoverished communities suffered the same levels of crime and disorder. Wilson (1996) posited that many residents of poor communities were involved in tightly interconnected social networks that functioned as protective factors against crime and disorder. These social networks were argued to be critical in not only promoting pro-social values, but preventing serious violence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of crime, incivilities, and collective efficacy in four Miami neighborhoods

Swatt

Varano

Uchida

et al. 2013

Journal of Criminal Justice

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Purpose: Extant literature indicates that individual perceptions of collective efficacy and incivilities are important in explaining fear of crime. These studies, however, often implicitly assume that the relationships between key variables do not differ between neighborhoods. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between perceptions of collective efficacy, perceptions of incivilities, and fear of crime and determine whether these relationships are constant between neighborhoods. Methods: Surveys were conducted using a sample of residents from four neighborhoods within Miami-Dade County. Structural equation models were used to examine the relationships between perceptions of collective efficacy, perceptions of incivilities, and fear of crime for each neighborhood separately. Tests for invariance were conducted to determine whether the coefficients from these models differed across neighborhoods. Results: Results from these analyses suggest that the relationship between perceptions of collective efficacy and fear of crime exhibit significant heterogeneity between neighborhoods, as do a number of other relationships. The relationships between perceptions of collective efficacy and perceptions of incivilities, and perceptions of incivilities and fear of crime do not exhibit heterogeneity. Conclusions: These results illustrate the importance of examining perceptions of collective efficacy within the neighborhood context. Implications for policy and future research are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of crime, incivilities, and collective efficacy in four Miami neighborhoods

Swatt

Varano

Uchida

et al. 2013

Journal of Criminal Justice

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“…The negative effects are explained in terms of limited access to the opportunities available in the broader society, including job networks and models of appropriate behaviour. Wilson's (1987;1991;1997) research in particular, which focuses on the effects of structural economic change on North American communities, has stimulated contemporary debate about the benefits of adopting regeneration strategies aimed at changing social mix on social housing estates. There has been a recent resurgence of interest in creating 'mixed' income communities on social housing estates in UK regeneration policy as part of the Blair Labour Government's focus on tackling social exclusion (Kintrea and Atkinson 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating Inclusive Communities through Balancing Social Mix: A Critical Relationship or Tenuous Link?

Arthurson¹

2002

Urban Policy and Research

111

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This paper explores some fundamental assumptions being linked by State Housing Authorities to 'social mix' strategies in contemporary Australian public housing estate regeneration policy. Six case study estates, two each in new South Wales, South Australia and Queensland form the basis for the empirical analysis. The two major ideas emerging from South Australian and Queensland projects are: first that lowering concentrations of public housing and developing more mixed income communities offers a means to reconnect socially excluded public housing tenants to mainstream society; second that a balanced social mix is a prerequisite for the development of 'inclusive', 'sustainable' and 'cohesive' communities. However, in light of the empirical findings that strong cohesive communities already exist on some estates prior to regeneration commencing, there is no evidence that a balanced social mix is a necessary condition for building inclusive communities. Coupled with findings in the projects of inadvertent negative consequences of implementing social mix policies, the paper questions whether policy makers are over-emphasising the extent to which social mix assists regeneration.

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“…Williams and CoUings (1996) suggest this dynamic is due to those living in extremely poor communities becoming isolated from larger social norms and role models. This isolation is due in part to the departure of successful role models from within the community, which fosters a disconnection between communities, and results in fewer local community attachments with larger social structures (Wilson, 1996). This in turn isolates communities and the families within them, thus reducing economic and social opportunities (Wilson, 1996).…”

Section: Local Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deteriorating housing, high mobility, and low levels of local community attachment contributes to neighborhood disorganization, and is related to higher levels of juvenile crime (Wilson, 1996;Wilson & Herstein, 1985). Given the relationship between negative peer group associations and adolescent problem behavior, including substance use, it is difficult to discern which problem came first, substance use or juvenile crime.…”

Section: Local Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The isolation created by the departure of the working poor from areas populated by the extreme poor, and the reluctance of different classes to mingle (Williams & Collings, 1996), fiirther contributes to weaker community attachments and fewer successfiil role models (Wilson, 1996). It is this interrelated interruption of the primary group's influence on the individual that places them at greater risk for anti-social behavior generally and reduces the protective qualities related to 'commimity.…”

Section: Local Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Multimedia-Based Parent and Adolescent Interventions of Substance Abuse Among Poor Youth

Ozanian¹

2003

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Public reporting burden for tliis coilection of information is estimated to average 1 fiour per response, including tlie time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and review/ing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperworit Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503.

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When Work Disappears

Abstract: This article comes from the book of the same name and focuses on policies to alleviate "ghetto poverty." Though the article is straight forward, consider the following points as a test of what you understand from your reading.

Cited by 2,607 publications

References 6 publications

Fear of crime, incivilities, and collective efficacy in four Miami neighborhoods

Fear of crime, incivilities, and collective efficacy in four Miami neighborhoods

Creating Inclusive Communities through Balancing Social Mix: A Critical Relationship or Tenuous Link?

The Influence of Multimedia-Based Parent and Adolescent Interventions of Substance Abuse Among Poor Youth

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