Which disease features run in essential tremor families? A systematic review

Stouwe, A. M. Madelein van der; Everlo, Cheryl S. J.; Tijssen, Marina A. J.

doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.10.017

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Moreover, the current study found that ET plus patients were generally older and had a longer disease duration than ET patients, suggesting that ET plus may represent a relatively late feature in long-standing ET patients. It is well known that alcohol responsiveness is a common feature of ET [ 40 , 41 ]. Most patients with a history of drinking experienced an improvement in their tremors with alcohol consumption, and there was no significant difference between ET plus and ET patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Sex Affect Essential Tremor (ET) Plus: Clinical Heterogeneity in ET Based on the National Survey in China

Sun¹,

He²,

Huang³

et al. 2022

Aging and disease

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The new term essential tremor (ET) plus was proposed in the 2018 tremor consensus criteria. The National Survey of Essential Tremor Plus in China, a large multicenter registry study, aimed to evaluate the clinical features of pure ET and ET plus and explore possible factors related to ET plus. All patients with ET underwent neurological examination and neuropsychological assessment at 17 clinical sites. The diagnosis was made according to the 2018 consensus criteria. Clinicodemographic characteristics were analyzed. A total of 1160 patients were included, including 546 patients with pure ET and 614 patients with ET plus. The proportion of females was significantly higher in the ET plus than that in the pure ET (P = 0.001). The age at onset (AAO) of Early access date: December 11, 2022 Sun Q., et al.Age and sex affect ET plus Aging and Disease • 2 pure ET showed a bimodal distribution, with peaks in the 2nd and 5th decades. However, the AAO of the ET plus group demonstrated a skewed distribution, with a single peak in the 6th decade. Female sex (OR=1.645, P<0.001), older age (OR=1.023, P<0.001), lower educational level (OR=0.934, P<0.001), head tremor (OR=1.457, P<0.001), and higher the Tremor Research Group Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale (TETRAS)-II scores (OR=1.134, P<0.001) were significantly associated with ET plus. Old age and female sex may contribute to ET plus development. Pure ET showed a bimodal distribution for AAO, whereas ET plus showed a unimodal distribution. It remains unclear whether pure ET and ET plus are merely different stages of a single disease or represent distinct disease entities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Sex Affect Essential Tremor (ET) Plus: Clinical Heterogeneity in ET Based on the National Survey in China

Sun¹,

He²,

Huang³

et al. 2022

Aging and disease

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“…Dietary history including consumption of alcohol 14 or environmental history that contributes to essential tremor pathogenesis could provide clues for etiologic origins. Some interest has been shown in assessing the relationship between high amounts of meat in the diet and linkage with essential tremor because harmane, which has tremorgenic properties, is abundantly present in meat 15 .…”

Section: Diet and Social Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Family Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ascertainment of family history is critical because essential tremor has shown high rates (30% to 70%) of heritability 14,21 . The family history is often consistent with a Mendelian pattern of inheritance 14 . The vast majority (more than 80%) of patients with early-onset essential tremor report at least one affected first-degree family member 9 .…”

Section: Family Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis and Treatment of Essential Tremor

Shukla¹

2022

CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Essential tremor is a chronic, progressive syndrome that primarily presents with an action tremor involving the arms and hands. This article reviews the history and physical examination features pertinent for diagnosis, differential diagnoses, and treatments and approaches for optimal control of symptoms.RECENT FINDINGS: Essential tremor is a syndrome with symptoms extending beyond tremor to involve disturbances in gait, speech, cognition, and mood. Although the new guidelines on the definition and biaxial classification scheme have provided clarity, some tremor experts have critiqued the recently coined term essential tremor plus. For treatment, new orthotic devices and peripheral stimulation devices are now available in addition to pharmacologic and surgical options. SUMMARY: Essential tremor has a rich clinical phenomenology with many subtleties and nuances. A detailed history with open-ended questions and focused questions encompassing medical history, social history, and family history is key for establishing the diagnosis. The presence of bilateral action tremor for 3 years and absence of isolated head and voice tremor and absence of task-and position-dependent tremor are necessary for diagnosis. Dystonic tremor, Parkinson disease tremor, physiologic tremor, and drug-induced tremor are common differential diagnoses. Differentiating these tremor disorders from essential tremor based on phenomenology and physical examination alone could be challenging; thus, clinicians should seek additional clues from a detailed history. Treatment could begin with noninvasive and nonpharmacologic therapies, especially in mild cases. As the severity increases, they can advance stepwise to include pharmacotherapies and surgical interventions. With the growing recognition that essential tremor is not a monosymptomatic disorder, management should involve a multidisciplinary team. Furthermore, treatment selection should be based on shared decision making between patients and providers that gives due consideration to severity of symptoms, level of functional disability, impact on social interactions, patient preferences, and patient expectations.

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“…A historical cohort of 162 patients with PD and their relatives found a higher risk of ET in family members of PD probands with age at onset under 67 (HR 2.24, p = 0.006) [107]. Certain characteristics, such as age at onset, disease progression, alcohol responsiveness, parkinsonism and dystonia, have been found to aggregate in some families [114].…”

Section: Essential Tremormentioning

confidence: 99%