Which rice farming system is more environmentally friendly in Khuzestan province, Iran? A study based on emergy analysis

Eyni‐Nargeseh, Hamed; Asgharipour, Mohammad Reza; Rahimi‐Moghaddam, Sajjad; Gilani, Abdolali; Damghani, Abdolmajid Mahdavi; Azizi, Khosro

doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110373

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…In contrast, Qianjiang, with the area's lowest UEV, maintains a moderate EYR and second-highest Y in the region at 2.30 × 10 17 , indicating a balanced resource utilization. This is because Qianjiang, as the birthplace of RCR in China, has a longer development history and more mature RCR farming techniques [60]. Honghu, marked by a higher UEV and a lower EYR, shows a high utilization ratio of both U and F, but contrasts with a comparatively lower total Y within the region, at just 1.85 × 10 17 .…”

Section: Resource Utilization Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Analysis on Resource Utilization, Environmental Consequences and Sustainability of Rice–Crayfish Rotation System in Jianghan Plain, China

Shi,

Han,

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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The rice–crayfish rotation system (RCR), originating in the Jianghan Plain, is developing rapidly in various regions of China and has been characterized by unbalanced regional development, which has also led to widespread concerns and discussion on its environmental impacts and sustainability. This study selects representative RCR production areas in the Jianghan Plain, including Jianli, Qianjiang, Shishou, Shayang, Gong’an and Honghu, to analyze resource inputs, resource utilization efficiency, environmental impacts and sustainability by employing the emergy analysis method. Our analysis of Jianli, Honghu, Qianjiang, Gong’an, Shishou and Shayang reports total emergy inputs ranging from 6.46 × 1016 to 8.25 × 1016, with renewable rates between 78.38% and 84.34%. Shishou leads in the unit emergy value (5.58 × 10−1) and the emergy yield ratio (5.30). The sustainability evaluation finds that the environmental loading ratio is from 0.19 to 0.28 and the emergy index for sustainable development varies between 1.27 and 3.00. This analysis indicates that the southern regions have higher inputs and efficiency, with southeastern areas showing lower environmental impact and higher sustainability. We also underscore the impact of non-renewable resources on environmental outcomes and sustainability, suggesting tailored development strategies for the rice–crayfish rotation system’s optimization and sustainable growth.

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Section: Resource Utilization Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Analysis on Resource Utilization, Environmental Consequences and Sustainability of Rice–Crayfish Rotation System in Jianghan Plain, China

Shi,

Han,

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Thermodynamic Sustainability Assessment of Turkish Cash and Feed Crops: Evaluations and Recommendations

Kursun

2024

Food and Energy Security

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This work analyzes the sustainability status of cash crops (rice, wheat, and sunflower) and feed crops (silage and clover) cultivation in Turkey through thermodynamic sustainability assessment technique, emergy analysis (EA). EA offers insights into agricultural system's dependence on external resources, environmental loading, and renewability by classifying the resources that drive agricultural production as renewable, nonrenewable, and purchased. Data belonging to 17 agricultural systems evaluated in this work are gathered through survey method by interviewing the farmers. EA results reveal that production of cash crops is essentially unsustainable due to high dependence on externally purchased inputs fertilizer, diesel, and nonrenewable input water. Of cash crops, rice production has the lowest system renewability and the highest environmental loading. In feed crops, silage production is mainly unsustainable and clover production is in transition state in terms of sustainability. Feed crop production creates less environmental loading than cash crop production mainly due to being partially integrated with husbandry. Coinciding with this, the level of organic fertilization is found to be the determining factor in the sustainability status of the feed crop systems. Transforming these systems to sustainable ones requires increasing system's self‐sufficiency through enhanced circularity (increased nutrient recycling) and functioning of natural processes. Consequently, we recommend growing crops in polycultures rather than monocultures to benefit from sister plant and predator–prey relations, integrating crop production with animal rearing (natural fertilization) and utilizing waste‐origin bioenergy. For resource efficiency, we suggest adopting methods such as drip irrigation and utilization of biodegradable polymer‐coated fertilizer grains to prevent fertilizer runoffs.

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Unlocking the potential of municipal solid waste: Emergy accounting applied in a novel biorefinery

Clasen,

Agostinho,

Sulis

et al. 2024

Ecological Modelling

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Which rice farming system is more environmentally friendly in Khuzestan province, Iran? A study based on emergy analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Spatial Analysis on Resource Utilization, Environmental Consequences and Sustainability of Rice–Crayfish Rotation System in Jianghan Plain, China

Spatial Analysis on Resource Utilization, Environmental Consequences and Sustainability of Rice–Crayfish Rotation System in Jianghan Plain, China

Thermodynamic Sustainability Assessment of Turkish Cash and Feed Crops: Evaluations and Recommendations

Unlocking the potential of municipal solid waste: Emergy accounting applied in a novel biorefinery

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