Whispering gallery mode splitting on filling-based microresonators for refractive index sensing

Li, Hanyang; Zhang, Haoran; Sun, Jiapeng; Miao, Yu; Zhang, Zhonghua; Ge, Yang

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2021.127193

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Having two resonance spectra intersecting each other is often desired for reference purposes, allowing the elimination of measurement deviations due to factors such as temperature. This procedure can be achieved with the use of two WGM resonators of different diameters [39] or by using two different resonator types [40].…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Whispering-Gallery Mode Micro-Ring Resonator Integrated with a Single-Core Fiber Tip for Refractive Index Sensing

Halendy,

Ertman

2023

Sensors

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A micro-ring resonator structure was fabricated via the two-photon polymerization technique directly on a single-mode fiber tip and tested for refractive index sensing application. The micro-ring structure was used to excite whispering-gallery modes, and observations of the changes in the resonance spectrum introduced by changes in the refractive index of the environment served as the sensing principle. The proposed structure has the advantages of a very simple design, allowing for measurements in reflection mode, relatively easy and fast fabrication and integration with a single tip of a standard single-mode fiber, which allowed for quick and convenient measurements in the optical setup. The performance of the structure was characterized, and the resonant spectrum giving high potential for refractive index sensing was measured. Future perspectives of the research are addressed.

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Section: Characteristics Of the Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Whispering-Gallery Mode Micro-Ring Resonator Integrated with a Single-Core Fiber Tip for Refractive Index Sensing

Halendy,

Ertman

2023

Sensors

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“…[44][45][46] The overlapping of resonant modes in the adjacent microcavities leads to the creation of optical coherent coupling and distinct "supermodes" with varied energy levels. [47][48][49][50][51] The generation of supermodes results in the confinement of light within ultra-low mode volumes, enhancing the Q-factor, prolonging the photon lifetime, and improving light-matter interaction. [52,53] In our previous research, it has been demonstrated that cascaded microsphere cavities can achieve significant enhancement in Raman signals, attributed to the photonic nanojets (PNJs) and directional antenna effects (DAs) for boosting the excitation laser density and unidirectional emission of scattered light in the far field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong‐Coupling‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SCERS) in a Cascade Microsphere‐Cavity

Mi,

Xu,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Advanced Optical Materials

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Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful optical technique with high sensitivity to identify analytes down to a single molecule by fingerprinting vibrational information. The strong coupling in microcavities for supermodes with promoted quality factors demonstrates the capability to boost the interaction between photons and molecules for nonlinear effects. Here a strong‐coupling cascade microsphere‐cavity (MC) achieving spontaneous Raman enhancement is reported, for the first time. The cascade MC is composed of two size‐mismatched microspheres, both of which support optical whispering‐gallery modes (WGMs) with significantly different free‐space ranges. The strong coupling between the supported WGMs in the microspheres can be achieved when the quasi‐vernier effect of resonant modes occurs, by which the energy splitting is up to 4 meV. The fast energy transfer between the size‐mismatched MCs therefore increases the quality factor up to 2.1 × 103 for the upper supermode branch. The strong‐coupling cascade MC structure provides an extra enhancement channel for the Au‐based SERS substrate, demonstrating an enhancement factor of Raman intensity (EFRI) up to 2.6 × 1010 for the limit of detection (LoD) down to 10−12 M of 4‐aminothiophenol (4‐ATP). The strong‐coupling cascade MC substrates also exhibit the versatility for identification of multiple analytes for high‐performance Raman trace‐detection applications.

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A sensing device based on whispering-gallery mode splitting in response to changes in refractive index between coupled microresonators

Zhang

Liu

2022

Applied Physics Letters

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Coupled microspherical whispering gallery modes are highly sensitive to environmental and structural changes in the region of contact between two microcavities. Placing a sample between two microspheres changes the refractive index of their contact region, which can be useful for sensing applications. Here, we propose a solid-liquid two-phase resonator structure (“bi-sphere”) based on a pair of coupled microspheres with a water droplet in the gap between them, and investigate its spectral characteristics by monitoring the transmission spectral signal during water evaporation. In addition, the feasibility of the proposed sensor device is demonstrated by a refractive index sensing experiment where the resultant mode splitting is linearly related to the refractive index in the range of 1.400–1.450. The proposed bi-sphere device could have important applications in the detection of substances.

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Whispering gallery mode splitting on filling-based microresonators for refractive index sensing

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Whispering-Gallery Mode Micro-Ring Resonator Integrated with a Single-Core Fiber Tip for Refractive Index Sensing

Whispering-Gallery Mode Micro-Ring Resonator Integrated with a Single-Core Fiber Tip for Refractive Index Sensing

Strong‐Coupling‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SCERS) in a Cascade Microsphere‐Cavity

A sensing device based on whispering-gallery mode splitting in response to changes in refractive index between coupled microresonators

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