White adipose tissue development in zebrafish is regulated by both developmental time and fish size

Imrie, Dru; Sadler, Kirsten C.

doi:10.1002/dvdy.22443

Cited by 115 publications

(132 citation statements)

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“…Previous studies have shown that zebrafish adipocytes and AT are morphologically, molecularly, and functionally homologous to mammalian white AT (21-26), and like mammals, zebrafish adipocytes accumulate a large cytoplasmic lipid droplet (LD) that facilitates the in vivo identification of adipocytes by fluorescent lipophilic dyes (21,22,(24)(25)(26). Here we determine in zebrafish that Plxnd1 functions through Col5a1 to exert a VAT-specific effect on adipose growth and morphology, resulting in altered body fat distribution and improved insulin sensitivity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plexin D1 determines body fat distribution by regulating the type V collagen microenvironment in visceral adipose tissue

Minchin

Dahlman

Harvey

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Genome-wide association studies have implicated PLEXIN D1 (PLXND1) in body fat distribution and type 2 diabetes. However, a role for PLXND1 in regional adiposity and insulin resistance is unknown. Here we use in vivo imaging and genetic analysis in zebrafish to show that Plxnd1 regulates body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity. Plxnd1 deficiency in zebrafish induced hyperplastic morphology in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and reduced lipid storage. In contrast, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) growth and morphology were unaffected, resulting in altered body fat distribution and a reduced VAT:SAT ratio in zebrafish. A VAT-specific role for Plxnd1 appeared conserved in humans, as PLXND1 mRNA was positively associated with hypertrophic morphology in VAT, but not SAT. In zebrafish plxnd1 mutants, the effect on VAT morphology and body fat distribution was dependent on induction of the extracellular matrix protein collagen type V alpha 1 (col5a1). Furthermore, after high-fat feeding, zebrafish plxnd1 mutant VAT was resistant to expansion, and excess lipid was disproportionately deposited in SAT, leading to an even greater exacerbation of altered body fat distribution. Plxnd1-deficient zebrafish were protected from high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance, and human VAT PLXND1 mRNA was positively associated with type 2 diabetes, suggesting a conserved role for PLXND1 in insulin sensitivity. Together, our findings identify Plxnd1 as a novel regulator of VAT growth, body fat distribution, and insulin sensitivity in both zebrafish and humans.zebrafish | body fat distribution | adipose development | insulin resistance | extracellular matrix T he regional distribution and morphology of adipose tissue (AT) are strong predictors of metabolic disease (1-3). Excess lipid deposition in visceral AT (VAT; adipose associated with visceral organs) is associated with increased susceptibility to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (4), whereas expansion of subcutaneous AT (SAT; adipose between muscle and skin) is associated with reduced risk for metabolic disease and is even protective against hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia (4-7). In turn, hypertrophic AT morphology (few large adipocytes) is associated with insulin resistance and AT dysfunction, whereas hyperplastic AT morphology (many small adipocytes) is associated with improved metabolic parameters (4, 7-9). Therefore, the identification of factors that regulate regional distribution and AT morphology could lead to new therapies to treat metabolic disease.Genome-wide association studies have implicated the PLEXIN D1 (PLXND1) locus in waist:hip ratio (a measurement of regional AT distribution) and type 2 diabetes (10). However, a role for Plxnd1 in AT morphology, distribution, and metabolism is unknown. Plxnd1 is a transmembrane receptor that controls the migration, proliferation, and survival of diverse cell types (11).Mutation of Plxnd1 in mouse and zebrafish leads to hypervascularization in many tissues (12, 13), and vascular endothelial cell Plxnd1 modulates extracellu...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plexin D1 determines body fat distribution by regulating the type V collagen microenvironment in visceral adipose tissue

Minchin

Dahlman

Harvey

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…At 15 dpf, expression of the gene for PPARy was detected in terminally differentiated adipocytes located in the pancreas (which shows that it can be used as a marker for these cells), and in cells of the intestinal epithelium (Flynn et al 2009). In adult fish, expression of this gene was observed in liver, pancreas and visceral adipose tissue (Imrie & Sadler 2010). Immunohistochemistry revealed that PPARα, PPARβ and PPARγ are all widely expressed after 7 dpf, and that for all isoforms, the expression level in liver is higher in early developmental stages than in adults (Ibabe et al 2005).…”

Section: The Zebrafish Peroxisome Proliferatoractivated Receptors (Ppmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nuclear receptor research in zebrafish

Schaaf

2017

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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Nuclear receptors (NRs) form a superfamily of transcription factors that can be activated by ligands and are involved in a wide range of physiological processes. NRs are well conserved between vertebrate species. The zebrafish, an increasingly popular animal model system, contains a total of 73 NR genes, and orthologues of almost all human NRs are present. In this review article, an overview is presented of NR research in which the zebrafish has been used as a model. Research is described on the three most studied zebrafish NRs: the estrogen receptors (ERs), retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). The studies on these receptors illustrate the versatility of the zebrafish as a model for ecotoxicological, developmental and biomedical research. Although the use of the zebrafish in NR research is still relatively limited, it is expected that in the next decade the full potential of this animal model will be exploited.

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“…However the postembryonic development of adipose tissue is influenced by environmental and metabolic factors (Imrie & Sadler, 2010). Nevertheless, fish stock lipid in adipose tissue located around the digestive tract, under the skin, the meat between the myomeres and in the myomeres (Fauconneau, Corraze, Lebail, & Vernier, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Influence of rearing temperature on muscle growth and adipose tissue in Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) strains

Salomão

Santos

Mareco

2017

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of temperature on the tissue growth of Red, GIFT and Supreme tilapia strains. Fingerlings of approximately 1.4 g from male populations were reared for a period of 60 days, in three recirculating systems, each system containing 6 water tanks of 0.5 m³, at three temperatures (22, 28 and 30ºC). Ten fish of each recirculation system and each temperature studied were sampled. Fishes have been anesthetized, euthanized and weighed. The samplings have been done from the dorsal musculature, caudal, visceral and ventral subcutaneous adipose tissue. Histological sections were prepared and evaluated to determine the diameter of the cells. The experimental design was completely randomized factorial 3 X 3 (strain X temperature). Analysis of variance was performed and means were compared. Higher weights were found for fish reared at 30°C (56.23 g) compared to those grown at 28 (42.12 g) or 22°C (10.52 g). The cooled water temperature (22°C) may have contributed to the hypertrophy of white muscle fibers and visceral adipocytes from tilapia, compared to 28 or 30ºC. Red Tilapia, GIFT and Supreme strains show differences in muscle growth and adipose tissues in response to temperature of cultivation.Keywords: adipocytes, white fibers, red fibers, GIFT strain, red strain, supreme strain.Influência da temperatura de cultivo no crescimento muscular e do tecido adiposo em linhagens de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) RESUMO. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da temperatura no crescimento dos tecidos de tilápias do Nilo das linhagens Vermelha, GIFT e Supreme. Alevinos de aproximadamente 1,4 g, oriundos de populações de machos revertidos, foram mantidos em três sistemas de recirculação. Cada sistema contendo contém seis caixas d'água de 0,5 m³, em três temperaturas (22, 28 e 30ºC). Foram coletados dez peixes de cada tratamento. Os peixes foram insensibilizados, eutanasiados e pesados. Foram realizadas amostragens das regiões da musculatura dorsal, do pedúnculo caudal, do tecido adiposo subcutâneo ventral e visceral. Lâminas histológicas foram confeccionadas e avaliadas para determinar o diâmetro das células. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 X 3 (linhagem X temperatura). A análise de variância foi realizada e as médias foram comparadas. Maiores pesos foram encontrados para os peixes cultivados a 30ºC (56,23 g), quando comparados àqueles cultivados a 28 (42,12 g) ou 22ºC (10,52 g). A temperatura resfriada da água (22ºC) pode ter contribuído para a hipertrofia das fibras musculares brancas e dos adipócitos viscerais das tilápias, quando comparada a 28 ou 30ºC. As linhagens de tilápia Vermelha, GIFT e Supreme apresentam diferenças de crescimento do tecido muscular e adiposo em resposta à temperatura de cultivo.Palavras-chave: adipócitos, fibras brancas, fibras vermelhas, linhagem GIFT, linhagem vermelha, linhagem supreme.

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White adipose tissue development in zebrafish is regulated by both developmental time and fish size

Cited by 115 publications

References 35 publications

Plexin D1 determines body fat distribution by regulating the type V collagen microenvironment in visceral adipose tissue

Plexin D1 determines body fat distribution by regulating the type V collagen microenvironment in visceral adipose tissue

Nuclear receptor research in zebrafish

<b>Influence of rearing temperature on muscle growth and adipose tissue in Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) strains

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